The Location and Concentration of Businesses in Britain: Business Clusters, Business Services, Market Coverage and Local Economic Development
The Location and Concentration of Businesses in Britain: Business Clusters, Business Services, Market Coverage and Local Economic Development
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0020-2754.1999.00393.x
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发表时间：
1999-12
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
R. Bennett;D. Graham;William J. Bratton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Bennett;D. Graham;William J. Bratton
最近，围绕商业集群对经济发展的重要性展开了一场重要的辩论。本文利用邮政编码地区的精细空间网格，评估了英国集中的企业集群存在的程度。它使用一种确定当地劳动力市场领域的方法来确定主要集群。本文论证了英国企业的高度本土化和不平衡发展。它还表明，商业服务公司甚至比其他行业更加高度本地化和集群化。此外，商业中心越大，公司就越本地化和聚集。这一模式表明，规模回报的增加对英国经济有很强的影响，而且，与地方集群一样，英国经济的大部分都被一个元集群所覆盖。从这些结果得出的启示，为未来可能的经济发展，商业服务供应商的位置，以发展其市场覆盖范围，和当地的经济发展政策。
An important debate has recently developed around the significance of business clusters for the development of the economy. This paper assesses the extent to which concentrated clusters of businesses exist in Britain, using the fine spatial mesh of postcode districts. It identifies the major clusters using a development of the methodology to define local labour market areas. The paper demonstrates the high degree of localization and uneven development of businesses in Britain. It also shows that business service firms are even more highly localized and clustered than other businesses. Moreover, the larger the business centre, the more localized and clustered the firms. The pattern suggests that there is a strong influence of increasing returns of scale, and that, as well as local clusters, much of the British economy is covered by one metacluster. Implications from these results are drawn for the likely future development of the economy, the location of business service suppliers in order to develop their market coverage, and local economic development policy.