Fast spiking interneuron activity in primate striatum tracks learning of attention cues
Fast spiking interneuron activity in primate striatum tracks learning of attention cues
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2001348117
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发表时间：
2020-07-28
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Womelsdorf, Thilo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boroujeni, Kianoush Banaie;Oemisch, Mariann;Womelsdorf, Thilo
认知灵活性依赖于快速的神经学习机制，以增强瞬时相关信息而不是无关信息。实现这种增强的一种可能的神经机制是使用纹状体中的快速尖峰中间神经元（FSI）来训练纹状体投射神经元以门控相关的和抑制分散注意力的皮层输入。我们在非人灵长类动物中发现了这种机制的支持，在反向学习任务中灵活调整视觉注意力。在基于特征的学习过程中，视觉注意线索调节FSI活动。一个FSI亚群在学习过程中表现出较强的激活，而另一个FSI亚群在学习后表现出反应抑制，这可能表明对局部回路的去抑制作用。此外，FSI显示出对学习注意线索的反应抑制被显著的分心事件激活，这表明它们有助于抑制自下而上的分心。这些研究结果表明，纹状体快速尖峰中间神经元发挥重要作用时，线索的学习，重定向注意力从前相关的新相关的视觉信息。这种线索特异性活动独立于运动相关活动，因此专门跟踪奖励预测视觉特征的学习。
Cognitive flexibility depends on a fast neural learning mechanism for enhancing momentary relevant over irrelevant information. A possible neural mechanism realizing this enhancement uses fast spiking interneurons (FSIs) in the striatum to train striatal projec-tion neurons to gate relevant and suppress distracting cortical inputs. We found support for such a mechanism in nonhuman primates during the flexible adjustment of visual attention in a reversal learning task. FSI activity was modulated by visual atten-tion cues during feature-based learning. One FSI subpopulation showed stronger activation during learning, while another FSI subpopulation showed response suppression after learning, which could indicate a disinhibitory effect on the local circuit. Addition-ally, FSIs that showed response suppression to learned attention cues were activated by salient distractor events, suggesting they contribute to suppressing bottom-up distraction. These findings suggest that striatal fast spiking interneurons play an important role when cues are learned that redirect attention away from pre-viously relevant to newly relevant visual information. This cue -specific activity was independent of motor-related activity and thus tracked specifically the learning of reward predictive visual features.