Tropical rain forest fragmentation and its ecological and species diversity changes in southern Yunnan
Tropical rain forest fragmentation and its ecological and species diversity changes in southern Yunnan
复制标题
滇南热带雨林破碎化及其生态和物种多样性变化
DOI：
10.1023/b:bioc.0000019397.98407.c3
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Li, BG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu, H;Xu, ZF;Li, BG
在云南南部的三个破碎的雨林和一个原始森林。对这些森林的小气候和土壤条件也进行了研究。研究结果表明：（1）破碎化林林内外小气候差异小于原始林，表明破碎化林对气候变化的缓冲作用减弱。由于森林破碎化，土壤在一定程度上恶化。(2)在物种组成上，特别是某些物种的丰富度和某些科的优势等级随着破碎化程度的变化而发生变化，对照原始林中最具优势的种大穗玉蕊（Barringtoniamacrostachya）从破碎化林中消失，而原始林中的特征种但不是优势种的见血封喉（Antificariusficaria）在破碎化林中占优势。(3)片断化森林样地的物种总数减少，且片断化程度越高，物种丰富度越低。(4)在生活型谱中，片断化森林中藤本植物和微型高位芽植物种类增加，而附生植物、大型高位芽植物、中高位芽植物和地下芽植物种类减少。(5)破碎森林的植物物种多样性一般低于原始森林，尽管某些生命形式的多样性可能较高。(6)在雨林破碎化过程中，种群较小的树种可能首先丧失。(7)片断化森林中喜阳树种或先锋树种增加，耐阴树种减少。
Three fragmented rain forests and one primary forest in southern Yunnan were plotted. The microclimate and soil conditions of these forests were also studied. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) The microclimatic differences between inside and outside forest are less in the fragmented forests than in the primary forest, which indicates that the buffer effects to climatic change have been reduced in the fragmented forests. The soil has deteriorated to some extent due to forest fragmentation. (2) In species composition, especially the abundance of some species and the dominant ranks of some families have changed with fragmentation.Barringtonia macrostachya, the most dominant species in the control primary forest, disappeared from the fragmented forests, whileAntiaris toxicaria, which is a characteristic but not dominant species in the primary forest, is dominant in fragmented forests. (3) The total number of species per plot was reduced in the fragmented forests and the more seriously disturbed the fragment was, the more the species richness diminished. (4) In life form spectra, the liana and microphanerophyte species increased, but epiphyte, megaphanerophyte, mesophanerophyte and chamaephyte species decreased in the fragmented forests. (5) The plant species diversity is generally lower in the fragmented forests than in the primary forest, although for some life forms it could be higher. (6) The tree species with small populations could be lost first in the process of rain forest fragmentation. (7) The heliophilous or pioneer tree species increased and the shade-tolerant species were reduced in the fragmented forests.