How ‘new’ is the ‘New Regionalism’ in the Americas? The case of MERCOSUR
How ‘new’ is the ‘New Regionalism’ in the Americas? The case of MERCOSUR
复制标题
美洲的“新区域主义”有多“新”？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Laura Gómez‐Mera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laura Gómez‐Mera
摘要“新区域主义”（NR）的方法强调了最近的区域主义和区域一体化的尝试在二战后时期的浪潮之间的质的差异。本文评估在何种程度上，这些新的说法是经验证明，在特定的情况下，南方共同市场，在拉丁美洲最大的区域贸易集团。它认为，与NR的观点一致，自20世纪90年代以来，南美洲的区域主义一直是国家和全球经济转型的更广泛进程的一部分，这影响了一体化进程本身的性质。然而，对南方共同市场的仔细研究表明，不应夸大其新的程度。南锥体共同市场仍然是一个国家主导的、主要是商业性的倡议，其演变和可持续性从根本上与区域和半球各级的战略因素和权力格局联系在一起。基于这些实证研究结果，本文质疑NR和主流国际关系方法之间的分析和理论分离的有用性，并说明了他们的见解可以结合起来，并在当代地区主义的解释补充的方式。
Abstract‘New Regionalism’ (NR) approaches have emphasized the qualitative differences between the more recent wave of regionalism and regional integration attempts in the post-World War II period. This article assesses the extent to which these claims to newness are empirically justified in the specific case of MERCOSUR, the largest regional trade bloc in Latin America. It argues that, consistent with NR perspectives, regionalism in South America since the 1990s has been part of a broader process of national and global economic transformation, which has influenced the character of the process of integration itself. Yet, a careful examination of MERCOSUR suggests that the extent of its newness should not be overstated. MERCOSUR remains a state-led, primarily commercial initiative, and its evolution and sustainability have been fundamentally linked to strategic factors and power configurations at the regional and hemispheric levels. Based on these empirical findings, the article challenges the usefulness of the analytical and theoretical separation between NR and mainstream international relations approaches and illustrates the ways in which their insights can be combined and complemented in the explanation of contemporary regionalism.