Using single items to measure job stressors
Using single items to measure job stressors
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DOI：
10.1108/ijwhm-03-2013-0011
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kelloway, E. Kevin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbert, Stephanie;Kelloway, E. Kevin
目的--本研究的目的是检验工作压力源各方面的单项测量与多项测量在预测心理压力方面是否同样有效。单项测量比多项测量更有时间和成本效益，也可能具有心理测量学益处。设计/方法/方法-使用来自3,166名医院员工的数据，通过应用五个内容和标准有效性标准来评估11个单项工作压力源面测量的有效性。发现-基于此数据，6个单项工作压力源测量满足所有标准，支持它们用作单项面测量。研究限制/影响-使用一个女性主导的行业的员工样本可能会限制结果在其他行业的普适性。未来的研究应该在其他行业复制当前研究的结果，并使用纵向设计来检验单项测量的预测有效性。未来的研究还可以预先开发每个方面的单项测量并检验其有效性。实际影响-结果支持使用单项测量来评估重要性、认同感、工作量、工作家庭冲突、技能使用和同事关系，在需要较短调查的情况下，可以将其包括在研究中。这六项措施可能有助于更频繁地评估工作压力源，将工作压力源评估为控制变量，并同时评估多个工作压力源，同时仍将调查空间和成本降至最低。原创性/价值-这是第一项检验工作压力源单项测量有效性的研究，这是组织中经常评估的结构。
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine whether single-item measures of job stressor facets were as valid as multiple-item measures in predicting psychological strain. Single-item measures are more time and cost efficient than multiple-item measures and may also have psychometric benefits.Design/methodology/approach - Data from 3,166 hospital employees were used to evaluate the validity of 11 single-item job stressor facet measures by applying five criteria for content and criterion validity.Findings - Based on this data, six single-item measures of job stressors met all criteria, supporting their use as single-item facet measures.Research limitations/implications - The use of a sample of employees from one female-dominated industry may limit the generalizability of the results to other industries. Future research should replicate the results of the current study in other industries and use longitudinal designs to examine the predictive validity of the single-item measures. Future studies may also develop single-item measures of each facet a priori and examine their validity.Practical implications - Results support the use of single-item measures for the assessment of significance, recognition, workload, work-family conflict, skill use, and coworker relations, which can be included in research where a shorter survey is necessary. These six measures may facilitate more frequent assessment of job stressors, the assessment of job stressors as control variables, and the assessment of multiple job stressors simultaneously, while still minimizing survey space and cost.Originality/value - This is the first study to examine the validity of single-item measures of job stressors, which is a construct that is frequently assessed in organizations.