Managing behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia
Managing behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia
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DOI：
10.18773/austprescr.2016.052
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
O'Connor, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macfarlane, Stephen;O'Connor, Daniel
大多数痴呆症患者都有一些行为和心理症状。虽然攻击性和激越很容易被识别，但冷漠等症状可能被忽视。行为和心理症状应该尽可能地在没有药物的情况下得到控制。尽管几乎没有证据支持抗精神病药物的使用，但抗精神病药物通常是给痴呆症患者开的。在开处方之前，重要的是排除其他导致行为改变的原因，如疼痛或感染。一些症状可能是记忆丧失的假象，而不是精神病。痴呆症患者服用抗精神病药物后，摔倒、住院和死亡的风险增加。应该定期监测它们的不良反应。如果患者的症状通过药物治疗缓解，两三个月后减少剂量。如果症状不再出现，请停止服药。
Most patients with dementia have some behavioural and psychological symptoms. While aggression and agitation are easily recognised, symptoms such as apathy may be overlooked.Behavioural and psychological symptoms should be managed without drugs whenever possible. Although there is little evidence to support their use, antipsychotic drugs are often prescribed to people with dementia.Before prescribing it is important to exclude other causes of altered behaviour, such as pain or infection. Some symptoms may be artefacts of memory loss rather than psychosis.Patients with dementia who are prescribed antipsychotic drugs have an increased risk of falls, hospitalisation and death. They should be regularly monitored for adverse effects.If the patient's symptoms resolve with drug treatment, reduce the dose after two or three months. Stop the drug if the symptoms do not return.