Minor physical anomalies and quantitative measures of the head and face in patients with psychosis
Minor physical anomalies and quantitative measures of the head and face in patients with psychosis
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.59.5.458
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mowry, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McGrath, J;El-Saadi, O;Mowry, B
背景：本研究的目的是检查精神病患者与健康对照者轻微的身体异常和头部和面部的定量测量。方法：在全面的精神病患病率研究的基础上，我们招募了310名精神病患者和303名对照组。从这个样本中，我们按年龄和性别匹配了180对病例对照。个体轻微的身体异常和与头部大小、面部高度和深度相关的定量测量在配对组中进行比较。在所有受试者的基础上，我们通过比较非情感性或情感性精神病患者和对照组的颅面总结评分来检查结果的特异性。结果：颅底较宽（优势比[OR]， 1.40； 95%可信区间[CI]， 1.02-1.17）、下面部高度较小（眉间到鼻下）（OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.44-0.75）、耳朵突出（OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.05-2.82）、上颚较短（OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.37-3.82）和较宽（OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.43-3.65）的患者患精神障碍的几率增加。与对照组相比，那些患有精神障碍的人的头骨更短。这些差异被发现用于区分非情感性和情感性精神病患者与对照组。结论：将患者与对照组区分开来的几个特征与神经-颅基复合体及邻近颞叶和额叶的发育有关。未来的研究应该同时检查颞叶和中颅窝，以使我们的拟人化发现与文献中显示精神分裂症患者颞叶较小的结果相一致。密切关注颅底可能为精神病患者大脑发育改变的性质和时间提供线索。
Background: The aim of this study was to examine minor physical anomalies and quantitative measures of the head and face in patients with psychosis vs healthy controls.Methods: Based on a comprehensive prevalence study of psychosis, we recruited 310 individuals with psychosis and 303 controls. From this sample, we matched 180 case-control pairs for age and sex. Individual minor physical anomalies and quantitative measures related to head size and facial height and depth were compared within the matched pairs. Based on all subjects, we examined the specificity of the findings by comparing craniofacial summary scores in patients with nonaffective or affective psychosis and controls.Results: The odds of having a psychotic disorder were increased in those with wider skull bases (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.17), smaller lower-facial heights (glabella to subnasal) (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.44-0.75), protruding ears (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.05-2.82), and shorter (OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.37-3.82) and wider (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.43-3.65) palates. Compared with controls, those with psychotic disorder had skulls that were more brachycephalic. These differences were found to distinguish patients with nonaffective and affective psychoses from controls.Conclusions: Several of the features that differentiate patients from controls relate to the development of the neuro-basicranial complex and the adjacent temporal and frontal lobes. Future research should examine both the temporal lobe and the middle cranial fossa to reconcile our anthropomorphic findings and the literature showing smaller temporal lobes in patients with schizophrenia. Closer attention to the skull base may provide clues to the nature and timing of altered brain development in patients with psychosis.