Smoking impedes executive function and related prospective memory
Smoking impedes executive function and related prospective memory
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DOI：
10.1017/ipm.2014.17
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Hamilton, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heffernan, T. M.;Carling, A.;Hamilton, C.
客观的。本研究评估了一组当前吸烟者（CS）的执行功能（EF）和前瞻记忆（PM），以观察吸烟者中两组记忆过程的缺陷是否共存，并将该组与从未吸烟者（NS）组进行比较。现有的分组设计用于在测量 EF 的储备数字广度任务 (RDST) 和测量 PM 的剑桥前瞻性记忆测试 (CAMPROMPT) 上对吸烟者与 NS 组进行比较。研究中还测量和控制了年龄、情绪、其他药物使用和智商。结果。在忽略任何使用非法药物的人并且观察到年龄、性别、焦虑、抑郁、饮酒和智商方面没有组间差异后，与 NS 组相比，CS 组在 RDST 上的表现明显较差，并且在 CAMPROMPT 上回忆起的基于时间和基于事件的任务明显较少。结论。与 NS 组相比，同一 CS 组的 EF 和 PM 缺陷都很明显，这一发现在当前文献中是新颖的。由于 EF 和 PM 是相互关联的，因为它们在大脑中共享共同的资源，因此吸烟者同时存在这两种缺陷的发现表明，持续吸烟会阻碍这些潜在的资源。
Objective. This study assessed both executive function (EF) and prospective memory (PM) in a group of current smokers (CS) to observe whether deficits in both sets of memory processes co-existed in smokers, comparing this group with a group who had never smoked (NS).Method. An existing-groups design was used to compare smokers with the NS group on a Reserve Digit Span Task (RDST) that measured EF and the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT) measuring PM. Age, mood, other drug use and IQ were also measured and controlled for in the study.Results. After omitting anyone using an illegal substance and observing no between-group differences in age, gender, anxiety, depression, alcohol use and IQ, the CS group performed significantly worse on the RDST and recalled significantly fewer time-based and event-based tasks on CAMPROMPT, compared with the NS group.Conclusions. Both EF and PM deficits were evident in the same cohort of CS when compared with a NS group, a finding which is novel in the current literature. Since both EF and PM are interrelated in that they share common resources in the brain, the finding that both sets of deficits co-existed in smokers suggests that persistent cigarette smoking impedes these underlying resources.