A developing paradigm for the development of bird beaks
A developing paradigm for the development of bird beaks
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00595.x
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Abzhanov, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grant, PR;Grant, BR;Abzhanov, A
一些适应性辐射是值得注意的极端种间多样化的一个或几个成年性状。性状差异是如何以及为什么进化的？自然选择和性选择经常为为什么这个问题提供答案。如何解决这一问题的答案将在表型性状的遗传控制中找到，特别是在发育的早期阶段，当种间差异首次表现出来时。最近对达尔文雀喙发育的分子遗传控制的研究表明，一种信号分子（BMP 4）在大而深的喙的发育中起着关键作用。这种分子的表达发生更早（异时性），并在更高的水平与深喙的物种相比，更尖的喙。这一发现的含义是，在早期表达的一个或几个基因的调节的变化可能是进化上显着的变化，是物种形成和适应性辐射的自然选择的来源。非洲五大湖慈鲷颌骨形态发育中相同信号分子的平行发现强化了这一观点。预计将对调节机制进行进一步研究，并将研究范围扩大到其他辐射实例，如夏威夷的蜜鸟和加勒比海的阿诺利斯蜥蜴。(c)2006伦敦林奈学会，林奈学会生物学杂志，2006，88，17-22。
Some adaptive radiations are notable for extreme interspecific diversification in one or a few adult traits. How and why have trait differences evolved? Natural and sexual selection often provide answers to the question of why. An answer to the question of how is to be found in the genetic control of the phenotypic traits, especially in the early stages of development, when interspecific differences first become expressed. Recent studies of the molecular genetic control of beak development in Darwin's finches have shown that a signalling molecule (BMP4) plays a key role in the development of large and deep beaks. Expression of this molecule occurs earlier (heterochrony) and at higher levels in species with deep beaks compared with species with more pointed beaks. The implication of this finding is that variation in the regulation of one or a few genes that are expressed early could be the source of evolutionarily significant variation that is subject to natural selection in speciation and adaptive radiation. This view is reinforced by parallel findings with the same signalling molecule in the development of jaw morphology in cichlid fish of the Great Lakes of Africa. Further research into regulatory mechanisms is to be expected, as well as extension to other examples of radiation such as honeycreepers in Hawaii and Anolis lizards in the Caribbean. (c) 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2006, 88, 17-22.