Rethinking the economics of water: an assessment
Rethinking the economics of water: an assessment
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重新思考水经济学：评估
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Hepburn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Garrick;M. Hanemann;C. Hepburn
随着人口增长和气候变化加剧水资源短缺、冲击和获取不平等，水问题在政策议程中的地位不断上升。由于未能充分考虑水的政治和相关的分配冲突，传统的经济政策建议——私有化、定价和产权——一直举步维艰。我们确定了水供需的独特社会和物理特征，并探讨了它们对水政策三个核心领域的影响：基础设施融资、定价和产权改革。对地下水和非管网供水的日益依赖加剧了这些挑战，并强化了重新思考水经济学和应对政治挑战的必要性。实现水的可持续发展目标需要进行体制和技术创新来供应、分配和管理水，以及持续的政治和财政承诺来解决那些可能落在后面的人的问题。
Water is rising on the policy agenda as population growth and climate change intensify scarcity, shocks, and access inequalities. The conventional economic policy recommendations—privatization, pricing, and property rights—have struggled due to a failure to account adequately for the politics of water and the associated distributional conflicts. We identify distinctive social and physical characteristics of water supply and demand, and explore their implications for three central areas of water policy: financing infrastructure, pricing, and property rights reform. Growing dependence on groundwater and non-networked water supplies exacerbates these challenges and reinforces the need to rethink the economics of water and tackle the political challenges head on. Meeting the water sustainable development goals would require institutional and technological innovations to supply, allocate, and manage water, as well as a sustained political and financial commitment to address those who might be left behind.