The investigation of bioactive compounds of wine, grape juice and boiled grape juice wastes
The investigation of bioactive compounds of wine, grape juice and boiled grape juice wastes
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DOI：
10.1111/jfpp.13850
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lemiasheuski, Viktar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gulcu, Mehmet;Uslu, Nurhan;Lemiasheuski, Viktar
在本研究中，研究了从葡萄酒、葡萄汁和水煮葡萄汁生产中获得的葡萄废物（果渣、果皮和种子）的生物活性化合物、油、糖、脂肪酸和矿物质含量。葡萄副产物总酚和单宁含量在31.2 mgGAE/g（糖蜜皮）和98.97 mgGAE/g（酒籽）之间变化；96.93 mgTAE/g（葡萄汁渣）和138.67 mgTAE/g（糖蜜渣）。糖蜜和酒皮废弃物中总糖含量最高（377.57 g/kg），最低（20.00 g/kg）。样品表儿茶素含量在439.67 mg/kg（糖蜜皮）和3,444.57 mg/kg（糖蜜籽）之间。糖蜜果皮油和葡萄汁果皮油中亚油酸含量分别为40.00%和51.10%。葡萄酒副产物油α -生育酚含量变化范围为3.35 mg/kg（种子）和6.42 mg/kg（果渣）。糖蜜皮磷含量最低，为17563 mg/kg，酒籽磷含量最高，为29634 mg/kg。葡萄总积的残留物占13.5 ~ 14.5%，最高可达20%。酒渣中最丰富的酚类化合物是花青素，主要集中在果皮中，黄酮醇主要存在于葡萄籽中（黄酮醇总量的56-65%）。葡萄是一种富含酚类物质的植物，这些酚类物质主要分布在葡萄的果皮、茎、叶和种子中，而不是多汁的中间部分。酿酒业大量生产葡萄皮和葡萄籽。这些副产品由于其高含量的多酚、工具和其他宏量和微量营养素而成为有价值的原料。酿酒业大量生产的葡萄籽和葡萄皮已成为提取多酚的宝贵原料。
In this study, bioactive compounds, oil, sugar, fatty acid, and mineral contents of grape wastes (pomace, skin, and seeds) obtained from wine, grape juice, and boilled grape juice production were investigated. Total phenol and tannin contents of grape by-products varied between 31.2 mgGAE/g (molasses skin) and 98.97 mgGAE/g (wine seed); 96.93 mgTAE/g (grape juice pomace) and 138.67 mgTAE/g (molasses pomace), respectively. The highest (377.57 g/kg) and lowest (20.00 g/kg) total sugars were determined in molasses and wine skin wastes, respectively. Epicatechin contents of samples were found between 439.67 mg/kg (molasses skin) and 3,444.57 mg/kg (molasses seed). The lowest and highest linoleic acids were determined in molasses skin oil (40.00%) and grape juice skin oil (51.10%). alpha-Tocopherol contents of wine by-product oils changed between 3.35 mg/kg (seed) and 6.42 mg/kg (pomace). The lowest and highest P contents were determined in molasses skin (17,563 mg/kg) and wine seed (29,634 mg/kg), respectively. Practical applications The residue may represent from 13.5 to 14.5% at the total volume of grapes, and may reach 20%. The most abundant phenolic compound in wine pomace is anthocyanins concentrated in the skin, and flavonols present mostly in the grape seed (56-65% total flavonol). Grape is a phenol-rich plant, and these phenolics are mainly distributed in the skin, stem, leaf, and seed of grape, rather than their juicy middle sections. Skins and seeds of grapes are produced in large quantities by the winemaking industry. These by-products have become valuable raw materials due to their high content of polyphenols, tocols, and other macro- and micronutrients. Seed and skins of grape produced in large quantities by the wine making industry have become valuable raw materials for extraction of polyphenols.