Global Measles Epidemic Risk: Current Perspectives on the Growing Need for Implementing Digital Communication Strategies.
Global Measles Epidemic Risk: Current Perspectives on the Growing Need for Implementing Digital Communication Strategies.
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DOI：
10.2147/rmhp.s201279
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Villani A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bozzola E;Spina G;Tozzi AE;Villani A
自 1974 年以来，一种安全的麻疹疫苗已问世，并在全球范围内得到推荐。世界卫生组织将消除麻疹定为 2020 年的目标，但不幸的是，这一目标尚未实现，疫情仍时有发生。群体免疫，即群体免疫力高于95%，是阻止麻疹病毒传播所必需的。沟通在免疫策略中发挥着至关重要的作用，以获得高覆盖率，因为它有助于克服疫苗接种的障碍。由于错误信息、假新闻和有效沟通障碍，延迟和拒绝麻疹疫苗接种已变得普遍。这种现象被定义为“疫苗犹豫”，被认为是全球健康十大风险之一。所谓的麻疹疫苗接种与自闭症之间的联系导致疫苗接种率急剧下降。在当前形势下，将大众传播融入公共卫生政策对于改变人们对疫苗接种的积极态度至关重要。基于社交媒体和其他互联网平台的数字通信策略可能是促进免疫和消除怀疑的有用工具，并补充了卫生保健专业人员提供的信息，这些专业人员被认为是家庭疫苗风险/收益的最可靠来源。可能有助于支持消除麻疹战略的数字通信策略包括在线监测信息需求、将数字通信纳入免疫计划、让多学科小组参与通信、开发平衡事实与积极信息的内容、使用多种通信渠道。应在免疫有效沟通领域推动进一步的研究活动。
A safe vaccine against measles has been available and globally recommended since 1974. The World Health Organization established measles elimination as a goal for 2020 but, unfortunately, this objective has not been achieved yet and outbreaks still occur. Herd immunity, ie, a population immunity higher than 95%, is required to stop the measles virus transmission. Communication plays a crucial role in immunization strategy to obtain high coverage levels, as it helps to fight barriers against vaccination. Delay and refusal of measles vaccination have become widespread due to misinformation, fake news and barriers to effective communication. This phenomenon has been defined as “vaccine hesitancy” and is considered as one of the top ten risks for global health. The alleged association between measles vaccination and autism has caused a sharp decline in vaccination rates. In this current situation, mass communication integrated into public health policies is fundamental to sway people’s positive attitudes toward vaccination. Digital communication strategies based on social media and other internet platforms may represent useful tools to promote immunization and discourage skepticism and complement information provided by health-care professionals who have been considered as the most credible source on risk/benefits on vaccines for families. Digital communication strategies that may help supporting the measles elimination strategy include monitoring information needs online, integrating digital communication into immunization programs, involving a multidisciplinary group in communication, developing content that balances facts with positive messaging, using multiple communication channels. Further research activities should be promoted in the field of effective communication for immunization.