Biomagnification of Perfluorinated Compounds in a Remote Terrestrial Food Chain: Lichen-Caribou-Wolf
Biomagnification of Perfluorinated Compounds in a Remote Terrestrial Food Chain: Lichen-Caribou-Wolf
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DOI：
10.1021/es201353v
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发表时间：
2011-10-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Muir, Derek C. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mueller, Claudia E.;De Silva, Amila O.;Muir, Derek C. G.
研究了来自加拿大两个偏远北方地区的地衣和植物、驯鹿和狼组成的陆地食物网中全氟羧酸盐（PFCAs）和全氟磺酸盐（PFSAs）的生物放大行为。在所有物种中经常检测到含有8至13个碳原子的六种全氟化学品和全氟辛烷磺酸。植被中的全氟辛烷磺酸浓度最低（0.02-0.26纳克/克湿重和0.002-0.038纳克/克湿重）。狼肝脏中的全氟辛烷磺酸浓度最高（10-18纳克/克湿重的西格玛全氟辛烷磺酸和1.4-1.7纳克/克湿重的全氟辛烷磺酸），其次是驯鹿肝脏（6-10纳克/克湿重的西格玛全氟辛烷磺酸和0.7-2.2纳克/克湿重的全氟辛烷磺酸）。生物放大因子具有高度的组织和物质特异性。因此，计算了个体全身浓度，并用于生物放大和营养放大评估。营养放大系数最高的是含9至11个碳原子的全氟辛烷磺酸（全氟辛烷磺酸= 2.3-2.6）和全氟辛烷磺酸（全氟辛酸盐= 2.2-2.9），除全氟辛酸盐外，所有其他物质都是重要的生物放大剂。PFCA和PFSA TMF与陆地食物链中链长的关系与先前对北极海洋哺乳动物食物网的研究相似，但本研究的TMF绝对值比海洋环境低约两倍。这项研究表明，将生物放大方法应用于全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸的生物放大研究，特别是陆生动物的生物放大研究仍然存在挑战。
The biomagnification behavior of perfluorinated carboxylates (PFCAs) and perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs) was studied in terrestrial food webs consisting of lichen and plants, caribou, and wolves from two remote northern areas in Canada. Six PFCAs with eight to thirteen carbons and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were regularly detected in all species. Lowest concentrations were found for vegetation (0.02-0.26 ng/g wet weight (ww) sum (Sigma) PFCAs and 0.002-0.038 ng/g ww PFOS). Wolf liver showed highest concentrations (10-18 ng/g ww Sigma PFCAs and 1.4-1.7 ng/g ww PFOS) followed by caribou liver (6-10 ng/g ww Sigma PFCAs and 0.7-2.2 ng/g ww PFOS). Biomagnification factors were highly tissue and substance specific. Therefore, individual whole body concentrations were calculated and used for biomagnification and trophic magnification assessment. Trophic magnification factors (TMF) were highest for PFCAs with nine to eleven carbons (TMF = 2.2-2.9) as well as PFOS (TMF = 2.3-2.6) and all but perfluorooctanoate were significantly biomagnified. The relationship of PFCA and PFSA TMFs with the chain length in the terrestrial food chain was similar to previous studies for Arctic marine mammal food web, but the absolute values of TMFs were around two times lower for this study than in the marine environment. This study demonstrates that challenges remain for applying the TMF approach to studies of biomagnification of PFCAs and PFSAs, especially for terrestrial animals.