Dystroglycan is required for polarizing the epithelial cells and the oocyte in Drosophila
Dystroglycan is required for polarizing the epithelial cells and the oocyte in Drosophila
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.00199
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Ruohola-Baker, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deng, WM;Schneider, M;Ruohola-Baker, H
跨膜蛋白肌营养不良蛋白是肌营养不良蛋白相关糖蛋白复合物的核心成分，参与多种形式肌营养不良的发病机制。三聚糖聚糖是多种细胞外基质（ECM）分子（如层粘连蛋白、agrin和perlecan）的受体，并在连接ECM与肌动蛋白细胞骨架中起作用；然而，这些相互作用是如何调节的，它们的基本细胞功能却知之甚少。通过对模式生物黑腹果蝇的镶嵌分析和RNAi，我们发现在上皮细胞（顶基底极性）和卵母细胞（前后极性）这两种不同的细胞类型中，糖醛酸失调是细胞自主地需要的细胞极性。滤泡和盘状上皮中糖异常蛋白功能的丧失导致细胞的顶端标记物向基底侧扩张，过表达导致这些标记物的顶端定位减少。在糖代谢障碍生殖系克隆中，早期卵母细胞极性标记物不能定位于后部，卵母细胞皮质f -肌动蛋白组织异常。在卵泡细胞中，腺苷异常蛋白也需要非细胞自主地组织基底肌动蛋白的平面极性，可能是通过组织层粘连蛋白ECM。这些数据表明腺苷异常蛋白在卵子发生中的主要功能是组织细胞极性；这项研究为利用果蝇分子遗传学的力量分析糖醛酸复合物奠定了基础。
The transmembrane protein Dystroglycan is a central element of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex, which is involved in the pathogenesis of many forms of muscular dystrophy. Dystroglycan is a receptor for multiple extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules such as Laminin, agrin and perlecan, and plays a role in linking the ECM to the actin cytoskeleton; however, how these interactions are regulated and their basic cellular functions are poorly understood. Using mosaic analysis and RNAi in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, we show that Dystroglycan is required cell-autonomously for cellular polarity in two different cell types, the epithelial cells (apicobasal polarity) and the oocyte (anteroposterior polarity). Loss of Dystroglycan function in follicle and disc epithelia results in expansion of apical markers to the basal side of cells and overexpression results in a reduced apical localization of these same markers. In Dystroglycan germline clones early oocyte polarity markers fail to be localized to the posterior, and oocyte cortical F-actin organization is abnormal. Dystroglycan is also required non-cell-autonomously to organize the planar polarity of basal actin in follicle cells, possibly by organizing the Laminin ECM These data suggest that the primary function of Dystroglycan in oogenesis is to organize cellular polarity; and this study sets the stage for analyzing the Dystroglycan complex by using the power of Drosophila molecular genetics.