Feeling Bad About Being Sad: The Role of Social Expectancies in Amplifying Negative Mood
Feeling Bad About Being Sad: The Role of Social Expectancies in Amplifying Negative Mood
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024755
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Uchida, Yukiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bastian, Brock;Kuppens, Peter;Uchida, Yukiko
我们对他人期望我们感受的感知对我们的情绪功能有着重要的影响。在4项研究中，作者证明，当人们认为别人希望他们不会有负面情绪时（即，他们经历更多的负面情绪和减少幸福感。作者表明，感知的社会期望预测这些差异的情绪和幸福感都比-和独立的-个人期望，他们这样做，通过促进负面的自我评价时，经历负面情绪。我们在澳大利亚（研究1和2）以及日本（研究2）发现了这些影响的证据，尽管社会期望的影响在前者（研究1和2）中特别明显。我们还发现了社会期望在消极情绪事件的消极情绪反应中的因果作用的实验证据（研究3和4）。简而言之，当人们认为别人认为他们应该感到快乐，而不是悲伤时，这会导致他们更频繁和更强烈地感到悲伤。
Our perception of how others expect us to feel has significant implications for our emotional functioning. Across 4 studies the authors demonstrate that when people think others expect them not to feel negative emotions (i.e., sadness) they experience more negative emotion and reduced well-being. The authors show that perceived social expectancies predict these differences in emotion and well-being both more consistently than-and independently of-personal expectancies and that they do so by promoting negative self-evaluation when experiencing negative emotion. We find evidence for these effects within Australia (Studies 1 and 2) as well as Japan (Study 2), although the effects of social expectancies are especially evident in the former (Studies 1 and 2). We also find experimental evidence for the causal role of social expectancies in negative emotional responses to negative emotional events (Studies 3 and 4). In short, when people perceive that others think they should feel happy, and not sad, this leads them to feel sad more frequently and intensely.