Individual differences in response to regular physical activity
Individual differences in response to regular physical activity
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DOI：
10.1097/00005768-200106001-00013
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rankinen, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bouchard, C;Rankinen, T
目的：本综述的目的是解决问题的个体间的变化，定期运动训练的反应，并确定年龄，性别，种族和训练前的表型水平，这种变异的贡献。研究方法：对报告标准化和控制性运动训练项目反应性个体间差异的研究进行了文献综述，并分析了年龄、性别、种族和初始表型值对VO 2 max、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）-C和次极量运动、心率（HR）、和收缩压（SBP）的训练反应的对象从遗传家族研究。结果：几项研究表明，运动训练的反应性存在明显的个体差异。例如，标准化训练计划的最大摄氧量反应范围从几乎没有增加到大量久坐个体的100%增加。其他表型也存在类似的异质性。来自HERITAGE家庭研究的数据显示，年龄、性别和种族对训练反应的个体间差异几乎没有影响。另一方面，表型的初始水平是某些性状的训练反应的主要决定因素，例如次最大运动心率和血压（BP），但对其他性状（例如，VO2max、HDL-C）。家庭因素（共享的环境和遗传因素）的贡献得到了重要家庭因素数据的支持。训练反应表型的聚集。结论：有强有力的证据表明，有规律的体力活动的反应相当大的异质性。年龄，性别和种族不是人类对常规体力活动反应的主要决定因素，而在某些情况下，训练前的表型水平具有相当大的影响。家族因素也对训练反应的变异性有显著影响。
Purpose: The purpose of this review was to address the question of interindividual variation in responsiveness to regular exercise training and to define the contributions of age, sex, race, and pretraining phenotype level to this variability. Methods: A literature review was conducted of the studies reporting interindividual variation in responsiveness to standardized and controlled exercise-training programs, and included an analysis of the contribution of age, sex, race, and initial phenotype values to the heterogeneity in VO2max, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C and submaximal exercise, heart rate (HR), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) training responses in subjects from the HERITAGE Family Study. Results: Several studies have shown marked individual differences in responsiveness to exercise training. For example, VO2max responses to standardized training programs have ranged from almost no gain up to 100% increase in large groups of sedentary individuals. A similar pattern of heterogeneity has been ol,served for other phenotypes. Data from the HERITAGE Family Study show that age, sex, and race have little impact on interindividual differences in training responses. On the other hand, the initial level of a phenotype is a major determinant of training response for some traits, such as submaximal exercise heart rate and blood pressure (BP) but has only a minor effect on others (e.g., VO2max, HDL-C). The contribution of familial factors (shared environment and genetic factors) is supported by data on significant familial. aggregation of training response phenotypes. Conclusions: There is strong evidence for considerable heterogeneity in the responsiveness to regular physical activity. Age, sex, and ethnic origin are not major determinants of human responses to regular physical activity, whereas the pretraining level of a phenotype has a considerable impact in some cases. Familial factors also contribute significantly to variability in training response.