The Negative Female Educational Gradient of Union Dissolution: Towards an Explanation in Six European Countries
The Negative Female Educational Gradient of Union Dissolution: Towards an Explanation in Six European Countries
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联盟解体导致的负女性教育梯度：对六个欧洲国家的解释
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-25838-2_5
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发表时间：
2020
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. V. Damme
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作者：
M. V. Damme
我们如何解释，如今，受教育程度较低的女性比受教育程度较高的女性更有可能离婚？我根据列文格(J Marry Family 27(1)：19-28,1965；J Soc Issues 32(1)：21-47,1976；《人际承诺与关系稳定手册》)提出假设来解释这一点。Kluwer学术/全会出版社，纽约，1999)，并评估是否存在情感奖励、经济奖励、象征性奖励、情感障碍、物质障碍和象征性成本的中介效应。我分析了《世代与性别调查》(GGS)[2004-2013]在保加利亚、俄罗斯、格鲁吉亚、法国、奥地利和捷克共和国的两次浪潮。有了这些国家的选择，我有一个很好的背景变化，根据联盟解体的社会和经济成本。使用khb方法-这是对二元因变量的中介分析-我检验了女性在两次连续的浪潮中分手的概率，并解释了教育对工会解散的影响。在我研究的六个国家中，“障碍”不是主要由“吸引力”解释的，而是更重要的解释变量，它解释了欧盟解体的负教育梯度(在象征意义上和经济上，受教育程度较低的女性损失更小)。除了关系满意度是唯一可以解释的“吸引”之外，我还发现了“吸引”的抑制作用。
How can we explain that, nowadays, lower educated women are more likely to separate than higher educated women are? I formulate hypotheses to explain this based on Levinger’s (J Marriage Family 27(1):19–28, 1965; J Soc Issues 32(1):21–47, 1976; Handbook of interpersonal commitment and relationship stability. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999) social exchange theory on ‘attractions’ and ‘barriers’ and assess whether there are mediating effects of affectional rewards, economic rewards, symbolic rewards, affectional barriers, material barriers, and symbolic costs. I analyse the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) [2004–2013] for two waves for Bulgaria, Russia, Georgia, France, Austria, and Czech Republic. With this selection of countries, I have a good context variation according to social and economic costs of union dissolution. Using the khb-approach – which is a mediation analysis for binary dependent variables – I examine the probability that women broke up between two consecutive waves and explain the influence of education on union dissolution. Instead of being mainly explained by ‘attractions’, ‘barriers’ were more important explanatory variables of the negative educational gradient of union dissolution in the six countries I studied (lower educated women had less to lose symbolically and economically). Next to relationship satisfaction as the only explanatory ‘attraction’, I found suppressor effects of ‘attractions’.