Proposal for revised classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes. Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy.
Proposal for revised classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes. Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy.
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
C. Munari;Paris;R. Porter;M. Seino;Shizuoka;P. Wolf;J. Bancaud;P. Chauvel;A. Paris;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Munari;Paris;R. Porter;M. Seino;Shizuoka;P. Wolf;J. Bancaud;P. Chauvel;A. Paris;
自1985年癫痫和癫痫性综合征分类提案提交给国际抗癫痫联盟（ILAE）大会以来，ILAE分类和术语委员会根据使用1985年模式的经验所产生的发现和建议，对提案进行了改进和修订。癫痫和癫痫综合征国际分类（ICE）的目的是补充癫痫发作国际分类（ICES），ICES的修订形式于1981年9月被ILAE大会接受。国际癫痫界提供了使用ICE的经验，并在1986年巴黎、1987年埃斯克利蒙和1988年比勒费尔德举行的委员会后续会议上提出了改进。委员会成员有：主席约瑟夫·罗杰（马赛）、主席弗里茨·E.德赖富斯（夏洛茨维尔）、曼努埃尔·马丁内斯·拉格（潘普洛纳）、克劳迪奥·穆纳里（巴黎）、罗杰·J·波特（贝塞斯达）、濑野正和（静冈）和彼得·沃尔夫（比勒费尔德）。对委员会工作作出贡献的顾问包括让·班科（巴黎）、帕特里克·肖维尔（巴黎）、A. V. DelgadoEscueta（洛杉矶），小杰罗姆恩格尔(Los Angeles），Richard H.作者声明：John W.（纽约），J. W i n Penry（温斯顿塞勒姆），L. F. Quesney（蒙特利尔）和HeinzGregor Wieser（苏黎世）。这些顾问提供并讨论了使用深部电极研究的具有确定位点的患者的视频记录数据。目前的ICE代表了与大多数国际癫痫学家的观点一致的共识声明，并认为适合相互交流意见。ICES仅限于描述个别癫痫发作类型，其局限性在于同事之间日常交流中使用的术语由综合征描述组成。医院记录中的诊断条目和进行临床试验的合作者之间的通信也是如此。癫痫综合征是一种癫痫疾病，其特征在于通常一起发生的一组体征和症状;这些包括癫痫发作类型、病因、解剖学、诱发因素、发病年龄、严重程度、慢性、昼夜和昼夜循环以及有时预后。然而，与疾病相比，综合征不一定有共同的病因和预后。另一方面，ICE中包含的一些癫痫疾病是疾病，而在其他疾病中，目前认为是综合征，可能仍然会发现共同的病因。为了方便起见，所有这些疾病都包括在一个ICE中。人们认识到，即使是现在，ICE也不是完全令人满意的。在癫痫病情的发展过程中，患者可能从一种综合征转变为另一种综合征;例如，患有韦斯特综合征的儿童以后可能符合LennoxGastaut综合征的标准。因此，在任何特定的时间，由于进化的进展，可能与当时神经系统的成熟阶段有关，可能很难决定患者属于哪种特定的综合征和分类。虽然病程可能在很大程度上由病因预先决定，但它并不总是可预测的，误诊总是可能的。ICE中继续广泛使用两种分类来形成主要类别：第一种将全身性癫痫发作（全身性癫痫）与部分或局灶性癫痫发作（局部相关，部分或局灶性癫痫）区分开来。另一种将已知病因的癫痫（症状性或“继发性”癫痫）与特发性（原发性）和隐源性癫痫分开。特发性一词来源于希腊语“idios”，意思是自我、自己或个人的。根据《牛津英语词典》，特发性癫痫和综合征被描述为“没有另一种疾病之前或之后”的疾病。没有
Preface Since the Proposal for Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes was presented to the General Assembly of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 1985, the Commission on Classification and Terminology of the ILAE has refined and revised the Proposal in light of findings and suggestions emanating from experience in use of the 1985 schema. The purpose of the International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes (ICE) is to supplement the International Classification of Epileptic Seizures (ICES), the revised form of which was accepted by the General Assembly of the ILAE in September 1981. The international epilepsy community contributed experience in use of the ICE, and refinements were introduced at subsequent meetings of the Commission held in Paris in 1986, in Esclimont in 1987, and in Bielefeld in 1988. The members of the Commission were Joseph Roger (Marseille), Chairman, Fritz E. Dreifuss (Charlottesville), Manuel Martinez-Lage (Pamplona), Claudio Munari (Paris), Roger J. Porter (Bethesda), Masakazu Seino (Shizuoka), and Peter Wolf (Bielefeld). Consultants who contributed to the work of the Commission included Jean Bancaud (Paris), Patrick Chauvel (Paris), A. V. DelgadoEscueta (Los Angeles), Jerome Engel, Jr. (Los Angeles), Richard H. Mattson (New Haven), Timothy A. Pedley (New York), J. W i n Penry (WinstonSalem), L. F. Quesney (Montreal), and HeinzGregor Wieser (Zurich). These consultants contributed and discussed video-documented data in patients with defined loci studied with depth electrodes. The present ICE represents a consensus statement compatible with the view of the majority of international epileptologists and believed to be suitable for mutual exchange of ideas. The limitation of the ICES, which is confined to description of individual seizure types, is that the terminology used in daily communication between colleagues consists of descriptions of syndromes. This is also true of diagnostic entries in hospital records and communication between collaborators conducting clinical trials. An epileptic syndrome is an epileptic disorder characterized by a cluster of signs and symptoms customarily occurring together; these include such items as type of seizure, etiology, anatomy, precipitating factors, age of onset, severity, chronicity, diurnal and circadian cycling, and sometimes prognosis. However, in contradistinction to a disease, a syndrome does not necessarily have a common etiology and prognosis. On the other hand, some of the epileptic disorders included in this ICE are diseases, and in others, currently considered syndromes, a common etiology may still be discovered. For the sake of convenience, all these disorders are included in one ICE. It is recognized that even now the ICE is not totally satisfactory. Patients may move from one syndrome to another during the evolution of their epileptic condition; e.g., a child with West syndrome may later satisfy the criteria for the LennoxGastaut syndrome. Thus it may be difficult to decide at any particular time into which particular syndrome and classification the patient belongs, as a result of an evolutionary progression, possibly related to the stage of maturation of the nervous system at the time. While the course may to a large extent be predetermined by the cause, it is as yet not always predictable, and misdiagnoses are always possible. Two divisions continue to be widely used in this ICE to shape the major classes: The first separates epilepsies with generalized seizures (generalized epilepsy) from epilepsies with partial or focal seizures (localization-related, partial or focal epilepsies). The other separates epilepsies of known etiology (symptomatic or “secondary” epilepsies) from those that are idiopathic (primary) and those that are cryptogenic. The term idiopathic derives from the Greek “idios,” meaning self, own, or personal. Idiopathic e p ilepsies and syndromes are described as disorders “not preceded or occasioned by another,” according to the Oxford English Dictionary. There is no