Olfactory neuronal responses in the primate orbitofrontal cortex: Analysis in an olfactory discrimination task
Olfactory neuronal responses in the primate orbitofrontal cortex: Analysis in an olfactory discrimination task
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1996.75.4.1659
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发表时间：
1996-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rolls, ET
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Critchley, HD;Rolls, ET
1. 灵长类动物的眼窝额叶皮层接收来自初级嗅觉皮层（梨状）和初级味觉皮层的输入。为了研究嗅觉信息是如何在眶额皮质中编码的，我们记录了在嗅觉辨别任务执行过程中眶额皮质及其周围区域单个神经元的反应。在这项任务中，从八种不同的气味中选择一种，表明猴子可以通过舔来获得蔗糖的味道。如果其他两种气味中的一种从嗅觉计发出，猴子就不能舔，否则它会尝到咸味。在眼眶额叶皮层记录的1580个神经元中，3.1%（48个）有嗅觉反应，34个（2.2%）对任务中不同的气味有不同的反应。这些神经元在闻到气味后的典型潜伏期为180毫秒。在任务中有不同反应的嗅觉神经元中，35%的神经元仅根据气味的味觉奖励关联做出反应。这些神经元要么对所有有回报的刺激都有反应，而对与盐有关的刺激没有反应，反之亦然。其余65%的神经元根据气味质量而不是气味的味觉奖励关联对刺激表现出不同的选择性。研究结果表明，眼窝额叶皮层的嗅觉表征反映了一些神经元（65%）的气味与味觉奖励的关联是独立存在的，而对其他神经元（35%）来说，嗅觉反应反映（并编码）了气味的味觉关联。另一项发现是，一些气味反应神经元对味觉刺激也有反应，这支持了一种假设，即在眶额叶皮层单个神经元水平上的气味-味觉关联学习，使这些细胞能够表现出反映气味的味觉关联的嗅觉反应。
1. The primate orbitofrontal cortex receives inputs from the primary olfactory (pyriform) cortex and also from the primary taste cortex. To investigate how olfactory information is encoded in the orbitofrontal cortex, the responses of single neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex and surrounding areas were recorded during the performance of an olfactory discrimination task. In the task, the delivery of one of eight different odors indicated that the monkey could lick to obtain a taste of sucrose. If one of two other odors was delivered from the olfactometer, the monkey had to refrain from licking, otherwise he received a taste of saline.2. Of the 1,580 neurons recorded in the orbitofrontal cortex, 3.1% (48) had olfactory responses and 34 (2.2%) responded differently to the different odors in the task. The neurons responded with a typical latency of 180 ms from the onset of odorant delivery.3. Of the olfactory neurons with differential responses in the task, 35% responded solely on the basis of the taste reward association of the odorants. Such neurons responded either to all the rewarded stimuli, and none of the saline-associated stimuli, or vice versa.4. The remaining 65% of these neurons showed differential selectivity for the stimuli based on the odor quality and not on the taste reward association of the odor.5. The findings show that the olfactory representation within the orbitofrontal cortex reflects for some neurons (65%) which odor is present independently of its association with taste reward, and that for other neurons (35%), the olfactory response reflects (and encodes) the taste association of the odor. The additional finding that some of the odor-responsive neurons were also responsive to taste stimuli supports the hypothesis that odor-taste association learning at the level of single neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex enables such cells to show olfactory responses that reflect the taste association of the odor.