Reasoning under uncertainty: heuristic Judgments in patients with persecutory delusions or depression
Reasoning under uncertainty: heuristic Judgments in patients with persecutory delusions or depression
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DOI：
10.1017/s003329170600794x
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Bentall, Richard P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corcoran, Rhiannon;Cummins, Sinead;Bentall, Richard P.
目标。迄今为止，研究妄想患者社会推理的大量文献都忽略了日常生活中最常见的决策形式。我们通过在这里报告第一项研究的结果来解决这种不平衡，该研究探索了受迫害妄想症患者的启发式推理。患有活跃或缓解的偏执妄想的人，抑郁的人和健康的成年人进行了两项新的启发式推理任务，这些任务在情绪效价上有所不同。研究结果表明，受迫害妄想症患者在启发式推理中表现出偏见，这种偏见在推理威胁性和积极的材料时最为明显。在对发生在他们身上的事情的可能性的推理方面，目前偏执组和抑郁组之间存在明显的相似之处，两组人都倾向于相信愉快的事情不会发生在他们身上。然而，只有当前偏执狂组表现出将他人视为威胁的倾向。本研究开启了对偏执狂和抑郁症中启发式推理的探索。这些发现具有治疗价值，未来的工作可以集中在认知水平上对偏执和抑郁的区分。
Objective. The substantial literature examining social reasoning in people with delusions has, to date, neglected the commonest form of decision making in daily life. We address this imbalance by reporting here the findings of the first study to explore heuristic reasoning in people with persecutory delusions.Method. People with active or remitted paranoid delusions, depressed and healthy adults performed two novel heuristic reasoning tasks that varied in emotional valence.Results. The findings indicated that people with persecutory delusions displayed biases during heuristic reasoning that were most obvious when reasoning about threatening and positive material. Clear similarities existed between the currently paranoid group and the depressed group in terms of their reasoning about the likelihood of events happening to them, with both groups tending to believe that pleasant things would not happen to them. However, only the currently paranoid group showed an increased tendency to view other people as threatening.Conclusion. This study has initiated the exploration of heuristic reasoning in paranoia and depression. The findings have therapeutic utility and future work could focus on the differentiation of paranoia and depression at a cognitive level.