Current issues and future perspectives of gastric cancer screening
Current issues and future perspectives of gastric cancer screening
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DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.13767
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发表时间：
2014-10-14
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Hamashima, Chisato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hamashima, Chisato
胃癌仍然是全球癌症死亡的第二大原因。大约一半的胃癌发病率发生在东亚国家，其死亡率高于其他国家。上消化道内镜检查、血清学检测和“筛查与治疗”法这3种胃癌筛查新技术的有效性得到了广泛的评价。此外，根据生物标志物开发路线图分析了癌症筛查的发展阶段。几项观察性研究报告了内窥镜筛查在降低胃癌死亡率方面的有效性。另一方面，血清学检测主要用于针对胃癌高危人群。迄今为止，胃癌筛查新技术的有效性仍然有限。然而，内窥镜筛查目前正处于引入基于人群的筛查之前的最后试验阶段。为了在社区中有效地引入胃癌筛查新技术，必须通过可靠的研究对胃癌发病率和死亡率的降低进行初步和彻底的评估。除了有效性评估之外，在引入这些基于人群的筛查新技术之前，还必须仔细评估益处和危害的平衡。 (C) 2014 百事登出版集团有限公司版权所有。
Gastric cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. About half of the incidence of gastric cancer is observed in East Asian countries, which show a higher mortality than other countries. The effectiveness of 3 new gastric cancer screening techniques, namely, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, serological testing, and "screen and treat" method were extensively reviewed. Moreover, the phases of development for cancer screening were analyzed on the basis of the biomarker development road map. Several observational studies have reported the effectiveness of endoscopic screening in reducing mortality from gastric cancer. On the other hand, serologic testing has mainly been used for targeting the high-risk group for gastric cancer. To date, the effectiveness of new techniques for gastric cancer screening has remained limited. However, endoscopic screening is presently in the last trial phase of development before their introduction to population-based screening. To effectively introduce new techniques for gastric cancer screening in a community, incidence and mortality reduction from gastric cancer must be initially and thoroughly evaluated by conducting reliable studies. In addition to effectiveness evaluation, the balance of benefits and harms must be carefully assessed before introducing these new techniques for population-based screening. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.