Elevation-related differences in novel environment exploration and social dominance in food-caching mountain chickadees
Elevation-related differences in novel environment exploration and social dominance in food-caching mountain chickadees
复制标题
储存食物的山雀在新环境探索和社会优势中与海拔相关的差异
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
V. Pravosudov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Kozlovsky;C. Branch;C. Freas;V. Pravosudov
人们认为严酷和不可预测的环境有利于动物进化出更好的学习能力。与此同时，学习能力的个体差异可能与其他相关特征的差异有关，可能形成一种行为综合症。我们之前已经报道了高山山雀在空间记忆和海马体方面的显著海拔相关差异。在这里，我们使用来自相同海拔的不同鸟类，测试了在新环境探索、新事物恐惧症和社会支配性行为特征方面的海拔相关差异，这些特征先前被认为与认知的个体差异相关。与低海拔鸟类相比，高海拔山雀在探索新环境时速度较慢，但在新环境恐惧症方面没有明显差异。在两两互动中，高海拔山雀对低海拔山雀具有社会性从属关系。考虑到先前报道的认知和大脑的海拔相关差异，我们的研究结果表明，尽管是间接的，但空间记忆的海拔相关差异可能与探索新环境的差异以及在冬季社会群体中获得高社会地位的能力有关。无论这些行为特征是否代表一种行为综合征，还是气候可能独立影响这些特征，我们的研究结果表明，海拔之间的多重差异可能有助于海拔相关的分离。高海拔山雀由于其社会支配地位低，迁移到低海拔地区可能会有更高的死亡率，而低海拔山雀如果迁移到高海拔地区，由于记忆能力下降和缺乏对寒冷气候的行为适应，可能会有更高的死亡率。
Harsh and unpredictable environments have been assumed to favor the evolution of better learning abilities in animals. At the same time, individual variation in learning abilities might be associated with variation in other correlated traits potentially forming a behavioral syndrome. We have previously reported significant elevation-related differences in spatial memory and the hippocampus in food-caching mountain chickadees. Here, we tested for elevation-related differences in novel environment exploration, neophobia, and social dominance—behavioral traits previously thought to correlate with individual variation in cognition, using different birds from the same elevations. Compared to low-elevation birds, high-elevation chickadees were slower at novel environment exploration, but there were no detectable differences in neophobia. High-elevation chickadees were also socially subordinate to low-elevation chickadees in pairwise interactions. Considering previously reported elevation-related differences in cognition and the brain, our results suggest, however indirectly, that elevation-related variation in spatial memory might be associated with differences in novel environment exploration and in ability to obtain a high social rank in winter social groups. Whether these behavioral traits represent a behavioral syndrome or whether climate might affect these traits independently, our results suggest that multiple differences between elevations might assist with elevation-related separation. High-elevation chickadees would likely experience higher mortality if they move to lower elevation due to their low social dominance status and low-elevation chickadees might experience higher mortality if they move to higher elevation due to reduced memory ability and lack of behavioral adaptations to colder climate.
越冬黑冠山雀 (Poecile atricapilla) 的肾上腺皮质应激反应没有纬度差异。
DOI：
10.1016/s1095-6433(03)00264-2
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pravosudov,VladimirV;Kitaysky,AlexanderS;Wingfield,JohnC;Clayton,NicolaS
通讯作者：
Clayton,NicolaS
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
V. Pravosudov;T. Smulders
通讯作者：
V. Pravosudov;T. Smulders
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
V. Pravosudov;N. Clayton
通讯作者：
V. Pravosudov;N. Clayton