Rapid evolution of sex frequency and dormancy as hydroperiod adaptations
Rapid evolution of sex frequency and dormancy as hydroperiod adaptations
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性频率和休眠作为水周期适应的快速演变
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
T. Snell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. A. Smith;T. Snell
休眠可以作为在不同栖息地中持续存在的一种适应，并且通常与性相结合。在周期性孤雌轮虫中，无性阶段能够实现种群的快速增长，而有性阶段则导致滞育胚胎能够耐受干燥。很少有研究通过实验检验临时水域中的性休眠关联是否反映了对滞育能力的短水周期选择的进化反应。在这里，我们展示了在模仿临时池塘的短暂轮虫培养物中较高的性和休眠倾向的进化，以及在永久培养物中较低的倾向。结果与快速进化一致，进化变化发生在短时间内（385 天，≤ 84 代）。我们还深入了解基础后生动物快速进化的机制，讨论新突变、重组和克隆选择的潜在作用。
Dormancy can serve as an adaptation to persist in variable habitats and often is coupled with sex. In cyclically parthenogenetic rotifers, an asexual phase enables rapid population growth, whereas sex results in diapausing embryos capable of tolerating desiccation. Few studies have experimentally tested whether sex–dormancy associations in temporary waters reflect evolution in response to the short hydroperiod selecting for diapause ability. Here, we demonstrate evolution of higher propensity for sex and dormancy in ephemeral rotifer cultures mimicking temporary ponds, and lower propensity in permanent cultures. Results are consistent with rapid evolution, with evolutionary changes occurring in a short timeframe (385 days, ≤ 84 generations). We also provide insight into mechanisms for rapid evolution in basal metazoans, discussing potential roles of new mutations, recombination and clonal selection.