Observed and modelled climatology of the land–sea breeze circulation over the Persian Gulf
Observed and modelled climatology of the land–sea breeze circulation over the Persian Gulf
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波斯湾海陆风环流的观测和模拟气候学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. W. Atkinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Zhu;B. W. Atkinson
观测和数值模式的结合揭示了波斯湾近地表大气条件的中尺度结构。低空风主要是一个单一的、连贯的、多年生的陆海风环流（LSBC），它随季节和日变化。夏天的海风比冬天的更深更广。在夜间，墨西哥湾上空的低压低压中心与隆起汇合，而在白天则与下沉汇合。模型的敏感性试验揭示了海陆分布、地形和环境风对地表沉降的影响。后者导致了北、东、南、西海岸不同的情况。在北海岸，相反的环境风形成了海风锋，向陆地的穿透非常有限；在南海岸，它超过250公里。伊朗山脉的热效应在向陆地和向海洋方向加强了低压的深度和渗透，从而影响了东海岸陆地和海风的持续时间。从春季到秋季，墨西哥湾上空的海洋边界层浅、凉爽、湿润、稳定，顶部的温度和湿度垂直梯度强。由于东西海岸海风环流下沉幅度不同，其深度在环境气流中由西北向东南增大，白天由西向东增大。版权所有©2004英国皇家气象学会
A combination of observations and a numerical model revealed the meso‐scale structure of the near‐surface atmospheric conditions over the Persian Gulf. Low‐level winds were dominated by a single, coherent, perennial land–sea breeze circulation (LSBC) that varied seasonally and diurnally. In summer the sea breeze was deeper and wider than in winter. At night the core of the LSBC over the Gulf was confluent with uplift, whereas in daytime it was difluent with subsidence. Sensitivity tests with the model revealed the influence on the LSBC of the land–sea distribution, orography and the ambient wind. The latter resulted in different conditions over the north, east, south and west coasts. Over the north coast, where the opposing ambient wind created a sea breeze front, landward penetration was very limited; over the south coast it was over 250 km. The thermal effect of the Iranian mountains accentuated the depth and penetration, landward and seaward, of the LSBC, thus influencing the duration of the land and sea breezes over the east coast. From spring to autumn the marine boundary layer over the Gulf was shallow, cool, moist and stable, with strong vertical gradients of temperature and humidity at its top. Its depth increased in the ambient flow from northwest to southeast and also, in daytime, from west to east, because of different magnitudes of the subsidence in the sea breeze circulation over the west and east coasts. Copyright © 2004 Royal Meteorological Society