Ghosts of infections past: using archival samples to understand a century of monkeypox virus prevalence among host communities across space and time
Ghosts of infections past: using archival samples to understand a century of monkeypox virus prevalence among host communities across space and time
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.171089
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Smith, Thomas B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tiee, Madeline S.;Harrigan, Ryan J.;Smith, Thomas B.
源自多种野生动物宿主的传染病可能是复杂的，难以管理。由于取样的时间和空间差距很大，进一步限制了对这一问题的全面了解。然而，这些局限性可以通过使用历史样本（例如来自博物馆收藏的样本）来部分克服。在这里，我们筛选了过去120年收集的1000多个博物馆标本，以研究猴痘病毒（MPXV）在五种非洲绳松鼠（Funisciurus sp.）中的历史分布和流行情况。在非洲中部收集。早在1899年，我们就在宿主物种中发现了MPXV感染的证据，比1958年首次确认的MPXV病例早了半个世纪，这支持了人类和非人类灵长类动物中历史性的痘样暴发可能是由MPXV引起的，而不是最初认为的天花。MPX病毒DNA在5种Funisciurus（F. anerythrus，F. carruthersi，F. Alzheiticus，F. lemniscatus和F. pyrropus），其中F. carruthersi和吡咯属先前未被鉴定为潜在的MPXV宿主。此外，我们还记录了博物馆Funisciurus标本中感染的相对流行率，并研究了近百年（1899-1993）来MPXV在这些潜在宿主物种中的时空分布。
Infectious diseases that originate from multiple wildlife hosts can be complex and problematic to manage. A full understanding is further limited by large temporal and spatial gaps in sampling. However, these limitations can be overcome, in part, by using historical samples, such as those derived from museum collections. Here, we screened over 1000 museum specimens collected over the past 120 years to examine the historical distribution and prevalence of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in five species of African rope squirrel (Funisciurus sp.) collected across Central Africa. We found evidence of MPXV infections in host species as early as 1899, half a century earlier than the first recognized case of MPXV in 1958, supporting the suggestion that historic pox-like outbreaks in humans and non-human primates may have been caused by MPXV rather than smallpox as originally thought. MPX viral DNA was found in 93 of 1038 (9.0%) specimens from five Funisciurus species (F. anerythrus, F. carruthersi, F. congicus, F. lemniscatus and F. pyrropus), of which F. carruthersi and pyrropus had not previously been identified as potential MPXV hosts. We additionally documented relative prevalence rates of infection in museum specimens of Funisciurus and examined the spatial and temporal distribution of MPXV in these potential host species across nearly a hundred years (1899-1993).