Tobacco, alcohol, diet, occupation, and carcinoma of the esophagus.
Tobacco, alcohol, diet, occupation, and carcinoma of the esophagus.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1988-07
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
MimiC. Yu;D. Garabrant;J. Peters;T. Mack
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MimiC. Yu;D. Garabrant;J. Peters;T. Mack
对275例食道癌病例和275例与之相匹配的邻居对照进行了职业、吸烟、饮食和病史方面的信息比较。吸烟，主要是吸烟，是食道癌的重要危险因素。与继续吸烟的人相比，曾经吸烟者的风险较低，而每天两包或两包以上的现任吸烟者比吸烟量较少的人风险更高。饮酒是食道癌的另一个重要危险因素；平均每天饮酒量有非常显著的趋势。与对照组相比，患者摄入的油炸培根或火腿明显更多，新鲜水果和生蔬菜更少，而且比起全麦面包，他们更有可能更喜欢白面包。最后，食道癌与长期接触金属粉尘之间有显著的关联；这种关联主要局限于食道的下部三分之一。
Information on occupation, smoking, food and beverage consumption, and medical history were compared between 275 incident cases of carcinoma of the esophagus and 275 neighborhood controls who were matched to the cases on age (within 5 years), race, and sex. Tobacco use, mainly cigarette smoking, was a significant risk factor for carcinoma of the esophagus. Ex-smokers of cigarettes showed a reduced risk relative to those who continued to smoke, and current smokers of two or more packs per day displayed a higher risk than those who smoked less. Alcohol consumption was another significant risk factor for carcinoma of the esophagus; there was a highly significant trend with average daily dose of ethanol. Relative to controls, cases also consumed significantly more fried bacon or ham, less fresh fruits and raw vegetables, and were more likely to prefer white than whole grain bread. Finally, there was a significant association between carcinoma of the esophagus and long-term occupational exposure to metal dust; this association was largely confined to the lower one-third section of the esophagus.