Motions of the Hand Expose the Partial and Parallel Activation of Stereotypes
Motions of the Hand Expose the Partial and Parallel Activation of Stereotypes
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02422.x
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Ambady, Nalini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman, Jonathan B.;Ambady, Nalini
感知者会自发地将他人的面孔划分为社会类别，并激活与这些类别相关的刻板印象知识。在这里描述的工作中，参与者看到性别典型和性别非典型的面孔（即包含男性和女性特征的面孔），确定两种性别刻板印象（一种男性和一种女性）中哪一种适合这张脸。同时，他们的手部运动是通过记录电脑鼠标的x、y坐标来测量的。当参与者对性别非典型面孔形成刻板印象时，实时运动反应显示出对异性刻板印象的持续空间吸引力。这些数据为属于替代社会类别的刻板印象的部分和平行激活提供了证据。因此，面部的知觉线索可以触发与其他社会类别相关的同时活跃的刻板印象知识的分级混合，这种混合随着时间的推移而形成最终的判断。
Perceivers spontaneously sort other people's faces into social categories and activate the stereotype knowledge associated with those categories. In the work described here, participants, presented with sex-typical and sex-atypical faces (i.e., faces containing a mixture of male and female features), identified which of two gender stereotypes (one masculine and one feminine) was appropriate for the face. Meanwhile, their hand movements were measured by recording the streaming x, y coordinates of the computer mouse. As participants stereotyped sex-atypical faces, real-time motor responses exhibited a continuous spatial attraction toward the opposite-gender stereotype. These data provide evidence for the partial and parallel activation of stereotypes belonging to alternate social categories. Thus, perceptual cues of the face can trigger a graded mixture of simultaneously active stereotype knowledge tied to alternate social categories, and this mixture settles over time onto ultimate judgments.