Hydrological self-regulation of domed peatlands in south-east Asia and consequences for conservation and restoration.
Hydrological self-regulation of domed peatlands in south-east Asia and consequences for conservation and restoration.
复制标题
东南亚圆顶泥炭地的水文自我调节及其对保护和恢复的影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Joosten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Dommain;J. Couwenberg;H. Joosten
摘要本文探讨了在潮湿的热带地区存在的森林泥炭圆顶（泥炭沼泽森林）的水文约束，自我调节机制，使他们能够坚持和恢复受损圆顶的影响。保存泥炭的最重要的要求是永久的水饱和。降水量的变化输入必须转化为泥炭丘的恒定供水。在完整的热带泥炭球兰穹丘中，水储存在泥炭表面上方围绕树干的小丘之间的洼地和伸展的扶壁根之间。这种地上的水储存类似于泥炭藓沼泽中松散的泥炭和植被上层中储存的水。水平分化的泥炭沼泽森林地板成丘有限的水力传导性和洼地，具有高存储容量类似的丘空心图案的泥炭藓沼泽。丘和其他表面元素在功能上类似于调节水可用性的V形缺口堰。扶壁树木在为水文自我调节提供结构要素方面发挥着关键作用。在森林类型的同心地带性中发现了另一个调节水平，在陡峭的边缘上存在更多的扶壁树。养护和恢复工作应考虑到树木、水和泥炭之间的相互关系以及由此产生的水文反馈。
SUMMARY This article explores the hydrological constraints on the existence of forested peat domes (peat swamp forests) in the humid tropics, the self-regulation mechanisms that enable them to persist and the implications for restoration of damaged domes. The most important requirement for the preservation of peat is permanent saturation by water. The variable input of precipitation must be translated into a constant water supply to the peat mound. In intact tropical peat swamp domes, water is stored above the peat surface in depressions between hummocks that surround tree trunks and between spreading buttress roots. This above-ground water store is analogous to the water stored in the loose upper layer of peat and vegetation in Sphagnum bogs. The horizontal differentiation of the peat swamp forest floor into hummocks with limited hydraulic conductivity and depressions with high storage capacity resembles the hummock-hollow patterning of these Sphagnum bogs. Hummocks and other surface elements functionally resemble V-notch weirs that regulate water availability. Buttressed trees play a key role in providing the structural elements for hydrological self-regulation. An additional level of regulation is found in the concentric zonation of forest types with increased presence of buttressed trees on steeper margins. Conservation and restoration efforts should take into account the interrelationships between trees, water and peat and the hydrological feedbacks that operate as a consequence.