Human activities flexibility under volatile environment conditions around 4000 a BP: Insights from the Jinsha site in the Chengdu Plain, SW China
Human activities flexibility under volatile environment conditions around 4000 a BP: Insights from the Jinsha site in the Chengdu Plain, SW China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108501
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发表时间：
2024-01-22
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Wu，Zhangrong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu，Jianghong;Zeng，Mengxiu;Wu，Zhangrong
适应和适应动态环境已成为近年来的热门话题。尽管位于中国西南部的成都平原长期以来被认为是中华文明的摇篮，但很少有人探索，人与环境相互作用的关键方面仍然没有得到解决。这项研究利用了在著名的金沙遗址博物馆出土的IT8007剖面的高分辨率孢粉和木炭记录，并辅之以CDP的其他材料。这一轮廓可以追溯到大约4000年到3650年。一个BP，与中共宝盾文化的转型和崩溃有关。一种盛行的针阔混交林，在海拔4000摄氏度的地点地区。BP是在温暖潮湿的气候下形成的，区域火灾活动较弱。值得注意的是，大尺寸木炭的高度集中表明，自宝盾文化晚期以来，宝盾人向腹地迁移。在4000至3900卡之间。在气候条件恶化的情况下，aBP、孢粉浓度和耐寒植株明显增加。环境的变化推动了宝墩人生活方式和食物来源的多样化，以适应环境的变化。然而，地区性火灾活动仍然较弱，湿度在3900大卡后下降。一个BP。从3900卡到3650卡。在较冷、较干的气候条件下，森林植被转化为稀疏的木本植物和旱生草本植物，区域火灾活动加剧，可能是环境动态和洪涝灾害频发导致宝墩文化衰落的原因之一。浓度的持续上升表明，由于反复发生的洪水，湖泊和沼泽的形成和扩张，与这一时期较高的工地海拔相一致。约3650千卡。A BP，森林植被恢复到针阔混交林，伴随着区域火灾活动的回升和随后的迅速下降。三星堆文化时期，温湿度略有上升，创造了一个稳定的环境，增加了生活资源，促进了大规模的人类生活。研究IT8007剖面揭示了4.2 ka事件的微妙动力学，高分辨率的孢粉和木炭记录为了解该事件的影响和人类活动在CDP中的适应性提供了有价值的见解。
Adapting to and navigating a dynamic environment has become a hot topic in recent years. Despite the Chengdu Plain (CDP) in southwestern China being long regarded as a cradle of Chinese civilization, scant exploration has left critical aspects of human-environment interactions unresolved. This study leverages high-resolution sporepollen and charcoal records from the IT8007 profile excavated at the esteemed Jinsha Site Museum, complemented by other materials of the CDP. This profile dating from approximately 4000 to 3650 cal. a BP, which is related to the transition and collapse of the Baodun Culture in the CDP. A prevalent mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest in the site region at 4000 cal. a BP was developed under a warm and wet climate, with subdued regional fire activity. Notably, a high concentration of large-size charcoal indicates the migration of Baodun people to the hinterland since the late Baodun Culture period. Between 4000 and 3900 cal. a BP, sporepollen concentration and cold-resistant plants clearly increased under a deteriorating climatic condition. The changed environment pushed the Baodun people to diversify their lifestyles and food sources for adaptation. However, regional fire activity remained weak, with humidity decreasing after 3900 cal. a BP. From 3900 to 3650 cal. a BP, the forest vegetation transformed into sparse woody and xerophytic herbs and regional fire activity intensified under a colder and drier climate, likely contributing to the decline of the Baodun Culture due to the dynamic environment and frequent flooding events. A consistent rise inConcentricystesindicates the formation and expansion of lakes and swamps due to recurrent floods, aligning with the higher site elevation during this period. Around 3650 cal. a BP, the forest vegetation recovered to mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, accompanied by a resurgence and subsequent rapid decline in regional fire activity. The slightly increase in temperature and humidity created a stable environment with increased living resources, facilitating the large-scale human livelihood during the Sanxingdui Culture period. Examining the IT8007 profile reveals nuanced dynamics of the 4.2 ka event, and the high-resolution sporepollen and charcoal records provide valuable insights into the impacts of this event and the adaptability of human activity in the CDP.