Environmental correlates of mammal species richness in South America: effects of spatial structure, taxonomy and geographic range
Environmental correlates of mammal species richness in South America: effects of spatial structure, taxonomy and geographic range
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0906-7590.2004.03801.x
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发表时间：
2004-08
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
A. Ruggiero;T. Kitzberger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Ruggiero;T. Kitzberger
尽管关于能源和异质性在增加物种多样性方面的积极协同作用存在一些共识，但环境变异性的作用仍然存在争议。我们研究了这些因素是如何相互作用来解释南美洲哺乳动物物种丰富度的空间差异的。在考虑了空间自相关性和面积的影响后，海拔变异性和能量主要驱动哺乳动物物种丰富度的空间差异。环境变化的影响就不那么重要了。当不同的哺乳动物分类群被分开分析时，出现了三种方式，能量和异质性相互作用促进物种丰富。异质性可能对物种丰富度没有影响，栖息地异质性和能量可用性对物种丰富度的贡献是独立的，或者随着能量可用性的增加，异质性的重要性增加。将物种划分为范围大小的四分位数表明，栖息地的异质性和资源供应的时间不稳定性是造成范围最窄的物种物种丰富度格局的原因。生境异质性对于分布范围中等的物种也很显著，但对于分布范围最广的物种则不显著。能源本身就推动了后一种物种的物种丰富度格局。生态学和生物地理历史之间的相互作用最终可能解释这些差异，因为范围狭窄和范围广泛的物种表现出不同的生物地理模式，不同的分类群也不平等地代表它们。
Although some consensus exists regarding the positive synergism between energy and heterogeneity in increasing species diversity, the role of environmental variability remains controversial. We examine how these factors interact to explain spatial variation in mammal species richness in South America. After taking into account the effects of spatial autocorrelation and area, elevation variability and energy mainly drive spatial variation in mammal species richness. The effect of environmental variability is less important. When different taxonomic groups of mammals are analyzed separately, three ways emerge whereby energy and heterogeneity interact to promote species richness. Heterogeneity may have no effect on species richness, habitat heterogeneity and energy availability contribute independently to species richness, or heterogeneity increases in importance with an increase in energy availability. The partition of species into range size quartiles shows that habitat heterogeneity and temporal instability in the resource supply account for the species richness pattern in the narrowest- ranging species. Habitat heterogeneity is significant also for intermediate ranging species but not for the widest-ranging species. Energy alone drives the species richness pattern in the latter species. The interplay between ecology and biogeographic history may ultimately explain these differences given that narrow- and wide-ranging species show distinct biogeographic patterns, and different taxonomic groups also unequally represent them.