Positron emission tomography imaging in evaluation of cancer patients.
Positron emission tomography imaging in evaluation of cancer patients.
复制标题
正电子发射断层扫描成像在癌症患者评估中的应用。
作者：
R. Kumar;P. Bhargava;M. Bozkurt;H. Zhuang;S. Potenta;A. Alavi
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）是一种诊断成像技术，它已经从实验室的研究技术迅速发展成为一种常规的临床成像方式。PET中应用最广泛的放射性示踪剂是氟 - 18 - 氟脱氧葡萄糖（F18 - FDG），它是葡萄糖的类似物。细胞对FDG的摄取与细胞的葡萄糖代谢成正比。由于恶性肿瘤中葡萄糖代谢增加数倍，PET具有较高的敏感性和较高的阴性预测值。使用FDG的PET现在是肺癌、结肠癌、淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤、食管癌、头颈部癌和乳腺癌的初始分期、监测治疗反应以及治疗管理的标准方法。本文也简要讨论了PET在骨肿瘤、卵巢癌和原发灶不明癌（CUP）等方面的其他适应证。这篇综述文章的目的是回顾PET在各种恶性肿瘤中的临床应用，为此仅讨论少数重要的研究。
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a diagnostic imaging technique that has progressed rapidly from being a research technique in laboratories to a routine clinical imaging modality. The most widely used radiotracer in PET is Fluorine18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F18-FDG), which is an analogue of glucose. The FDG uptake in cells is directly proportional to glucose metabolism of cells. Since glucose metabolism is increased many fold in malignant tumors PET has a high sensitivity and a high negative predictive value. PET with FDG is now the standard of care in initial staging, monitoring the response to the therapy, and management of lung cancer, colonic cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer and breast cancer. Other indications of PET like bone tumor, ovarian cancer and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) has also been discussed in brief. The aim of this review article is to review the clinical applications of PET in various malignancies and only limited number of important studies will be discussed for this effort.