Response of in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes to temperature
Response of in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes to temperature
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00943.x
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Wheeler, TR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kakani, VG;Prasad, PVV;Wheeler, TR
花生种植地区经常遇到高于 35 摄氏度的气温，特别是在半干旱热带地区。在未来预测的气候下，这种极端温度的频率可能会增加。由于花粉活力较低，高气温会导致花钉和荚结失败。量化花粉萌发和花粉管生长对温度的反应，以确定 21 个花生基因型花粉对温度的耐受性差异。植物从播种到收获均在塑料隧道中在 28/22 摄氏度（白天/夜间）的最佳温度下生长。在花药开裂时收集花粉并以2.5℃的间隔暴露于10至47.5℃的温度。结果表明，改进的双线性模型最准确地描述了花粉萌发百分比和最大花粉管长度对温度的响应。根据花粉特征和膜热稳定性，发现基因型范围从最耐受到最敏感。 21 个基因型的平均基本温度（T-min、T-opt 和 T-max）的花粉萌发百分比分别为 14.1、30.1 和 43.0 摄氏度，最大花粉管长度分别为 14.6、34.4 和 43.4 摄氏度。根据基本温度，基因型 55-437、ICG 1236、TMV 2 和 ICGS 11 可分为耐高温基因型，而基因型 Kadiri 3、ICGV 92116 和 ICGV 92118 为易感基因型。主成分分析确定了基因型的最大花粉萌发百分比和花粉管长度，以及两个过程的 Tmax 作为描述基因型对高温的耐受性的最重要的花粉参数。花粉萌发和管生长的 Tmin 和 Topt、花粉管生长速率在区分耐高温基因型方面的预测性较差。基于花粉反应的耐热性基因型差异与膜热稳定性确定的相对损伤关系不大（R-2 = 0.334，P = 0.006）。
Air temperatures of greater than 35 degreesC are frequently encountered in groundnut-growing regions, especially in the semi-arid tropics. Such extreme temperatures are likely to increase in frequency under future predicted climates. High air temperatures result in failure of peg and pod set due to lower pollen viability. The response of pollen germination and pollen tube growth to temperature was quantified in order to identify differences in pollen tolerance to temperature among 21 groundnut genotypes. Plants were grown from sowing to harvest in a poly-tunnel under an optimum temperature of 28/22 degreesC (day/night). Pollen was collected at anther dehiscence and was exposed to temperatures from 10 to 47.5 degreesC at 2.5 degreesC intervals. The results showed that a modified bilinear model most accurately described the response to temperature of percentage pollen germination and maximum pollen tube length. Genotypes were found to range from most tolerant to most susceptible based on both pollen characters and membrane thermostability. Mean cardinal temperatures (T-min, T-opt and T-max) averaged over 21 genotypes were 14.1, 30.1 and 43.0 degreesC for percentage pollen germination and 14.6, 34.4 and 43.4 degreesC for maximum pollen tube length. The genotypes 55-437, ICG 1236, TMV 2 and ICGS 11 can be grouped as tolerant to high temperature and genotypes Kadiri 3, ICGV 92116 and ICGV 92118 as susceptible genotypes, based on the cardinal temperatures. The principal component analysis identified maximum percentage pollen germination and pollen tube length of the genotypes, and Tmax for the two processes as the most important pollen parameters in describing a genotypic tolerance to high temperature. The Tmin and Topt for pollen germination and tube growth, rate of pollen tube growth were less predictive in discriminating genotypes for high temperature tolerance. Genotypic differences in heat tolerance-based on pollen response were poorly related (R-2=0.334, P=0.006) to relative injury as determined by membrane thermostability.