Obtaining the Thermal Structure of Lakes from the Air
Obtaining the Thermal Structure of Lakes from the Air
复制标题
从空中获取湖泊的热结构
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Chung;Carrick Detweiler;Michael W. Hamilton;J. Higgins;J. Ore;S. Thompson
人们越来越认识到小型地表水体的热异质性作为混合驱动因素和提供栖息地的重要性，但获得湖泊和河流热结构的三维解析观测仍然具有挑战性。从空中平台远程观测水温很有吸引力：此类平台不需要进入海岸线；它们可以快速、轻松地部署和重新部署，以方便重复采样，并且可以在目标位置之间快速移动，从而允许在单次飞行期间进行多次测量。然而，它们也受到众所周知的限制，包括有效载荷、可操作性以及在有限的飞行时间内进行测量的范围和密度之间的权衡。本文介绍了一种新颖的航空热传感平台，该平台将温度传感器放入水中以记录整个浅水柱的温度测量结果，并介绍了初始现场实验的结果，将 emph{原位} 温度观测结果与 UAS 平台的温度观测结果进行比较。这些实验表明，通过微小的改进，UAS 有潜力在 2-3 次飞行（大约 2 小时）内对 (sim)1 公顷的湖泊进行高分辨率 3D 热测绘，足以解决昼夜变化。本文确定了操作限制和进一步开发的关键领域，包括需要将更快的温度传感器与飞行器集成以及更好地控制传感器深度，特别是在靠近水面时。
The significance of thermal heterogeneities in small surface water bodies as drivers of mixing and for habitat provision is increasingly recognized, yet obtaining three-dimensionally-resolved observations of the thermal structure of lakes and rivers remains challenging. Remote observations of water temperature from aerial platforms are attractive: such platforms do not require shoreline access; they can be quickly and easily deployed and redeployed to facilitate repeated sampling and can rapidly move between target locations, allowing multiple measurements to be made during a single flight. However, they are also subject to well-known limitations, including payload, operability and a tradeoff between the extent and density over which measurements can be made within restricted flight times. This paper introduces a novel aerial thermal sensing platform that lowers a temperature sensor into the water to record temperature measurements throughout a shallow water column and presents results from initial field experiments comparing emph{in situ} temperature observations to those made from the UAS platform. These experiments show that with minor improvements, UASs have the potential to enable high-resolution 3D thermal mapping of a (sim)1-ha lake in 2–3 flights ( extit{circa} 2 h), sufficient to resolve diurnal variations. This paper identifies operational constraints and key areas for further development, including the need for the integration of a faster temperature sensor with the aerial vehicle and better control of the sensor depth, especially when near the water surface.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Diana E. Bowler;R. Mant;H. Orr;D. Hannah;A. Pullin
通讯作者：
Diana E. Bowler;R. Mant;H. Orr;D. Hannah;A. Pullin