Concept selection method in reverse to describe mission that best use a new technology: Ornithopter
Concept selection method in reverse to describe mission that best use a new technology: Ornithopter
复制标题
反向概念选择方法来描述最能利用新技术的任务：扑翼机
DOI：
10.1109/aero.2015.7118975
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Kohtake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daigo Terutsuki;Xinyan Deng;W. Crossley;N. Kohtake
概念选择方法的一个常见方法是根据任务或操作方案收集客户的要求和需要；这些要求和需要导致在概念选择方法中有用的目标。然而，当引入新的尖端技术时，研究人员或开发人员很难收集客户需求，因为客户并不完全理解（甚至不知道）新技术的功能。在这篇论文中，一种小型扑翼机——一种利用扑翼获得升力和推力的飞机——代表了一种新的、可能不为人所知的技术。为了描述最适合使用鸟类规模的扑翼机的任务，作者使用了加权目标方法的修改。加权目标通常使用一组具有用户定义的重要性权重的目标，以帮助选择最符合目标的概念；在本文中，作者将该方法“反向”应用于确定目标的重要性权重，使扑翼机概念成为首选概念。从这个新的重要性权重排序中，技术开发人员可以直观地判断操作任务或场景。在本文中，我们首先使用传统的加权目标方法来比较固定翼无人机、旋翼无人机和扑翼无人机的场景和相关目标权重，然后使用“反向”应用来描述扑翼无人机的有前途的任务。该方法依赖于工程判断和主观决策；然而，本文考察了对定性输入的敏感性，以评估方法的可重复性。由此产生的反向加权目标方法可以帮助确定在新技术概念成为可用选项之前没有考虑到的新任务和场景。这提供了一种“技术推动”而不是“需求拉动”。
A common approach in concept selection methods is to gather customer requirements and needs based upon missions or operational scenarios; these requirements and needs lead to objectives that are useful in concept selection methods. However, when introducing new, cutting-edge technology, it is extremely hard for researchers or developers to gather customer requirements because customers do not fully understand (or even know) the capabilities of the new technology. In this paper, a small ornithopter - an aircraft that uses flapping wings for both lift and thrust - represents a new, potentially unfamiliar technology. To describe missions that would best use a bird-scale ornithopter, the authors have used a modification of the Weighted Objectives method. Weighted Objectives normally uses a set of objectives with user-defined importance weights to aid in selecting a concept that best meets the objectives; in this paper, the authors apply this method “in reverse” to determine importance weights of the objectives so that the ornithopter concept becomes the preferred concept. From this new importance weight ranking, the technology developer can intuit an operating mission or scenario. For this paper, we begin with a traditional weighted objectives approach to compare a fixed-wing UAV, a rotorcraft UAV and an ornithopter UAV for a scenario and associated objective weights developed from engineering judgment and intuition before employing the “reverse” application to describe a promising mission for the ornithopter. The approach relies upon engineering judgment and subjective decision-making; however, the paper examines sensitivities to the qualitative inputs to assess the repeatability of the approach. The resulting reverse weighted objective approach can help identify new missions and scenarios that had escaped previous consideration before the new technology concept became an available option. This provides a “technology push” rather than a “needs pull”.