Depression reduces perceptual sensitivity for positive words and pictures
Depression reduces perceptual sensitivity for positive words and pictures
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/02699931.2012.660134
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Lepping, Rebecca J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atchley, Ruth Ann;Ilardi, Stephen S.;Lepping, Rebecca J.
有证据表明，抑郁症患者对词汇信息（例如，Atchley, Ilardi, & Enloe, 2003; Atchley, Stringer, Mathias, Ilardi, & Minatrea, 2007）和象形文字刺激（例如，Gotlib, Krasnoperova, Yue, & Joormann, 2004）存在不适应的注意偏差。目前的研究在抑郁症门诊患者和非临床对照中寻找抑郁症的加工偏差，使用语言和图像刺激。敏感度指数（A d' measure）用于检测每个参与者的感知敏感度阈值。从不抑郁的控制组对积极图片刺激存在检测偏差，而抑郁的参与者则没有这种偏差。在言语刺激下，抑郁个体对积极的人指词（WINNER）的识别能力显著下降，而对积极的非人指词（SUNSHINE）和消极词汇的识别能力明显下降。从不抑郁的参与者在字型上没有这种差异。在目前的研究中，抑郁症的特点是缺乏在没有情绪障碍的个体中看到的正常的积极偏见（与McCabe & Gotlib， 1995年一致），以及对可能与抑郁症自我图式不一致的个人参照积极信息的敏感性的特定降低。
There is evidence of maladaptive attentional biases for lexical information (e. g., Atchley, Ilardi, & Enloe, 2003; Atchley, Stringer, Mathias, Ilardi, & Minatrea, 2007) and for pictographic stimuli (e. g., Gotlib, Krasnoperova, Yue, & Joormann, 2004) among patients with depression. The current research looks for depressotypic processing biases among depressed out-patients and non-clinical controls, using both verbal and pictorial stimuli. A d' measure (sensitivity index) was used to examine each participant's perceptual sensitivity threshold. Never-depressed controls evidenced a detection bias for positive picture stimuli, while depressed participants had no such bias. With verbal stimuli, depressed individuals showed specific decrements in the detection of positive person-referent words (WINNER), but not with positive non-person-referent words (SUNSHINE) or with negative words. Never-depressed participants showed no such differences across word types. In the current study, depression is characterised both by an absence of the normal positivistic biases seen in individuals without mood disorders (consistent with McCabe & Gotlib, 1995), and by a specific reduction in sensitivity for person-referent positive information that might be inconsistent with depressotypic self-schemas.