Formation of new chromosomes as a virulence mechanism in yeast Candida glabrata
Formation of new chromosomes as a virulence mechanism in yeast Candida glabrata
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0809793106
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发表时间：
2009-02-24
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Piskur, Jure
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Polakova, Silvia;Blume, Christian;Piskur, Jure
在真核生物中，染色体的数量和粗略组织在同一物种的分离株中保存得很好。新的染色体和染色体的丢失是罕见的，通常与病理事件有关。在这里，我们分析了40个单倍体和无性酵母致病菌株的基因组结构和稳定性。这种微生物最近已成为人类第二流行的酵母菌病原体。虽然基因序列在不同菌株之间保存良好，但它们的染色体结构却有很大的差异。最常见的重塑染色体的事件是染色体臂的易位。然而，更大的片段重复也是频繁的，偶尔我们会观察到新的染色体。显然，这种酵母可以通过复制携带着丝粒的染色体片段，然后添加新的端粒末端来产生新的染色体。我们表明，观察到的基因组可塑性与抗真菌耐药性有关，这在环境条件波动很大的人体中可能是一种优势。
In eukaryotes, the number and rough organization of chromosomes is well preserved within isolates of the same species. Novel chromosomes and loss of chromosomes are infrequent and usually associated with pathological events. Here, we analyzed 40 pathogenic isolates of a haploid and asexual yeast, Candida glabrata, for their genome structure and stability. This organism has recently become the second most prevalent yeast pathogen in humans. Although the gene sequences were well conserved among different strains, their chromosome structures differed drastically. The most frequent events reshaping chromosomes were translocations of chromosomal arms. However, also larger segmental duplications were frequent and occasionally we observed novel chromosomes. Apparently, this yeast can generate a new chromosome by duplication of chromosome segments carrying a centromere and subsequently adding novel telomeric ends. We show that the observed genome plasticity is connected with antifungal drug resistance and it is likely an advantage in the human body, where environmental conditions fluctuate a lot.