Associations between Fungal Species and Water-Damaged Building Materials
Associations between Fungal Species and Water-Damaged Building Materials
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02513-10
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Larsen, Lisbeth S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andersen, Birgitte;Frisvad, Jens C.;Larsen, Lisbeth S.
在世界范围内，潮湿或被水破坏的建筑物中的真菌生长是一个日益严重的问题，这对居住者和建筑物都有不利影响。仅仅在发霉的建筑中进行空气采样并不能揭示出生长在建筑材料上的真菌种类的全部多样性。这项研究的目的之一是评估生长在潮湿或水损坏的建筑材料上的真菌的质量和数量的多样性。另一项是确定最常见的真菌物种与不同类型的材料之间是否存在关联。通过V8接触板从可见真菌生长的材料中采集了5300多个表面样本。使用多元统计方法分析真菌鉴定和有关建筑材料成分的信息，以确定真菌与材料成分之间的关联。结果表明，产黄青霉和杂色曲霉是水毁建筑物中最常见的真菌种类。结果还发现毛壳菌、顶顶菌和Ulocladium。在潮湿的建筑材料上很常见。分析表明，不同的建筑材料上存在共生真菌。发现了(I)顶盖霉属、产黄青霉属、木霉属、Ulocladium属以及石膏和墙纸之间的关联性，(Ii)平顶弯孢霉、出芽短梗霉、草本枝孢霉、木霉、酵母菌和不同类型的木材和胶合板之间存在关联，以及(Iii)烟曲霉属、麦曲霉属、黑曲霉属、土曲霉属、毛壳霉属、总状毛霉属、棘毛霉属、混凝土和其他与地板有关的材料。这些结果可用于开发新型和耐腐蚀的建筑材料和相关的过敏原提取物，并有助于重点研究相关的真菌毒素、微生物挥发性有机化合物(MVOCs)和释放到室内环境中的微粒。
Fungal growth in damp or water-damaged buildings worldwide is an increasing problem, which has adverse effects on both the occupants and the buildings. Air sampling alone in moldy buildings does not reveal the full diversity of fungal species growing on building materials. One aim of this study was to estimate the qualitative and quantitative diversity of fungi growing on damp or water-damaged building materials. Another was to determine if associations exist between the most commonly found fungal species and different types of materials. More than 5,300 surface samples were taken by means of V8 contact plates from materials with visible fungal growth. Fungal identifications and information on building material components were analyzed using multivariate statistic methods to determine associations between fungi and material components. The results confirmed that Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus versicolor are the most common fungal species in water-damaged buildings. The results also showed Chaetomium spp., Acremonium spp., and Ulocladium spp. to be very common on damp building materials. Analyses show that associated mycobiotas exist on different building materials. Associations were found between (i) Acremonium spp., Penicillium chrysogenum, Stachybotrys spp., Ulocladium spp., and gypsum and wallpaper, (ii) Arthrinium phaeospermum, Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium herbarum, Trichoderma spp., yeasts, and different types of wood and plywood, and (iii) Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus, Chaetomium spp., Mucor racemosus, Mucor spinosus, and concrete and other floor-related materials. These results can be used to develop new and resistant building materials and relevant allergen extracts and to help focus research on relevant mycotoxins, microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs), and microparticles released into the indoor environment.