The gingival biotype revisited: transparency of the periodontal probe through the gingival margin as a method to discriminate thin from thick gingiva
The gingival biotype revisited: transparency of the periodontal probe through the gingival margin as a method to discriminate thin from thick gingiva
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01398.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Cosyn, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Rouck, Tim;Eghbali, Rouhollah;Cosyn, Jan
De Rouck T，Eghbali R，Collys K，De Bruyn H，Cosyn J.牙龈生物型再访：牙周探针通过牙龈边缘的透明度作为区分厚牙龈和薄牙龈的方法。J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36：428-433.doi：10.1111/j.1600- 051X.2009.01398.x.为了检测100名牙周健康志愿者样本中的受试者组，其具有与上颌中切牙和周围软组织相关的形态测量数据的不同组合。聚类分析中包括四个临床参数：冠宽/冠长比（CW/CL）、牙龈宽度（GW）、乳头高度（PH）和牙龈厚度（GT）。后者是基于牙周探针通过龈缘同时探测颊沟的透明度。每10名志愿者中的第一名志愿者都被重新检查，以评估所有变量的检查者内重复性。所有参数的重复记录之间的一致性很高，特别是GT，达到85%（kappa=0.70; p=0.002）。分区方法确定了三个集群的具体功能。集群A1（9名男性，28名女性）显示出细长的齿形（CW/CL=0.79），GW为4.92 mm，PH为4.29 mm，牙龈薄（100%的受试者的一个或两个门牙上可见探针）。集群A2（29名男性，5名女性）呈现出相似的特征（CW/CL=0.77; GW=5.2 mm; PH=4.54 mm），除了GT。这些受试者显示出明显的厚牙龈（97%的受试者的探头隐藏在两颗门牙上）。第三组（组B：12只雄性，17只雌性）在许多参数上与其他组有很大不同。这些受试者表现出更方形的牙齿形状（CW/CL=0.88），广泛的角质化组织区（GW=5.84 mm），低乳头（PH=2.84 mm）和厚牙龈（83%的受试者的探头隐藏在两个门牙上）。在大约三分之一的样本中发现了清晰的薄牙龈，主要是女性受试者，具有细长的牙齿，角质化组织的狭窄区域和高度扇形的牙龈边缘，对应于先前介绍的“薄扇形生物型”的特征（集群A1）。在主要是男性受试者的样本中，约有三分之二的人发现了明显的厚牙龈。其中约一半显示方形牙齿，角质化组织的广泛区域和平坦的牙龈边缘对应于先前介绍的“厚-平坦生物型”的特征（聚类B）。另一半则不能归为此类。这些受试者表现出清晰的厚牙龈，牙齿细长，角质化组织的狭窄区域和高牙龈扇贝（集群A2）。
De Rouck T, Eghbali R, Collys K, De Bruyn H, Cosyn J. The gingival biotype revisited: transparency of the periodontal probe through the gingival margin as a method to discriminate thin from thick gingiva. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36: 428-433.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01398.x.To detect groups of subjects in a sample of 100 periodontally healthy volunteers with different combinations of morphometric data related to central maxillary incisors and surrounding soft tissues.Four clinical parameters were included in a cluster analysis: crown width/crown length ratio (CW/CL), gingival width (GW), papilla height (PH) and gingival thickness (GT). The latter was based on the transparency of the periodontal probe through the gingival margin while probing the buccal sulcus. Every first volunteer out of 10 was re-examined to evaluate intra-examiner repeatability for all variables.High agreement between duplicate recordings was found for all parameters, in particular for GT, pointing to 85% (kappa=0.70; p=0.002). The partitioning method identified three clusters with specific features. Cluster A1 (nine males, 28 females) displayed a slender tooth form (CW/CL=0.79), a GW of 4.92 mm, a PH of 4.29 mm and a thin gingiva (probe visible on one or both incisors in 100% of the subjects). Cluster A2 (29 males, five females) presented similar features (CW/CL=0.77; GW=5.2 mm; PH=4.54 mm), except for GT. These subjects showed a clear thick gingiva (probe concealed on both incisors in 97% of the subjects). The third group (cluster B: 12 males, 17 females) differed substantially from the other clusters in many parameters. These subjects showed a more quadratic tooth form (CW/CL=0.88), a broad zone of keratinized tissue (GW=5.84 mm), low papillae (PH=2.84 mm) and a thick gingiva (probe concealed on both incisors in 83% of the subjects).The present analysis, using a simple and reproducible method for GT assessment, confirmed the existence of gingival biotypes. A clear thin gingiva was found in about one-third of the sample in mainly female subjects with slender teeth, a narrow zone of keratinized tissue and a highly scalloped gingival margin corresponding to the features of the previously introduced "thin-scalloped biotype" (cluster A1). A clear thick gingiva was found in about two-thirds of the sample in mainly male subjects. About half of them showed quadratic teeth, a broad zone of keratinized tissue and a flat gingival margin corresponding to the features of the previously introduced "thick-flat biotype" (cluster B). The other half could not be classified as such. These subjects showed a clear thick gingiva with slender teeth, a narrow zone of keratinized tissue and a high gingival scallop (cluster A2).