Hurricane Katrina Deaths, Louisiana, 2005
Hurricane Katrina Deaths, Louisiana, 2005
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DOI：
10.1097/dmp.0b013e31818aaf55
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Ratard, Raoult
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brunkard, Joan;Namulanda, Gonza;Ratard, Raoult
目的：2005年8月29日，卡特里娜飓风袭击了美国墨西哥湾沿岸，给路易斯安那州和密西西比州的许多社区造成了前所未有的破坏。我们的目标是验证、记录和描述路易斯安那州卡特里娜飓风相关的死亡率，并帮助确定在未来灾害中降低死亡率的策略。我们评估了2007年收到的卡特里娜飓风死亡率数据来源，包括路易斯安那州和2005年8月27日至10月31日发生的州外死亡证明，和灾难停尸房行动响应小组确认的受害者数据库我们计算了新奥尔良、圣伯纳德和杰斐逊教区（95%的卡特里娜飓风受害者居住在这些教区）的年龄、种族和性别特异性死亡率，并使用皮尔逊卡方检验和Fisher精确检验，按居住教区进行分层分析，以比较观察到的受害者人口统计学特征比例与基于2000年美国人口普查数据的预期值之间的差异。我们确定路易斯安那州有971人死于卡特里娜飓风，其他州有15人死于卡特里娜飓风撤离者。溺水（40%），受伤和创伤（25%）和心脏病（11%）是路易斯安那州受害者的主要死亡原因。49%的受害者是75岁以上的老人。53%的受害者是男性，51%是黑人，42%是白色。在奥尔良教区，18岁及以上的所有人中，黑人的死亡率比白人高1.7至4倍。75岁及以上的人更有可能成为风暴受害者（P < .0001）。结论：卡特里娜飓风是自1928年以来袭击美国墨西哥湾沿岸最致命的飓风。溺水是死亡的主要原因，75岁及以上的人是受影响最严重的人群。未来的备灾工作必须侧重于疏散和照顾弱势群体，包括那些在医院，长期护理设施和个人住宅。提高死亡率报告的及时性将使应急小组能够向这些人口提供适当的干预措施，并在下一次灾害发生前制定和实施预防措施。（灾难医疗公共卫生准备。2008; 2：215-223）
Objective: Hurricane Katrina struck the US Gulf Coast on August 29, 2005, causing unprecedented damage to numerous communities in Louisiana and Mississippi. Our objectives were to verify, document, and characterize Katrina-related mortality in Louisiana and help identify strategies to reduce mortality in future disasters.Methods: We assessed Hurricane Katrina mortality data sources received in 2007, including Louisiana and out-of-state death certificates for deaths occurring from August 27 to October 31, 2005, and the Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team's confirmed victims' database. We calculated age-, race-, and sex-specific mortality rates for Orleans, St Bernard, and Jefferson Parishes, where 95% of Katrina victims resided and conducted stratified analyses by parish of residence to compare differences between observed proportions of victim demographic characteristics and expected values based on 2000 US Census data, using Pearson chi square and Fisher exact tests.Results: We identified 971 Katrina-related deaths in Louisiana and 15 deaths among Katrina evacuees in other states. Drowning (40%), injury and trauma (25%), and heart conditions (11%) were the major causes of death among Louisiana victims. Forty-nine percent of victims were people 75 years old and older. Fifty-three percent of victims were men; 51% were black; and 42% were white. In Orleans Parish, the mortality rate among blacks was 1.7 to 4 times higher than that among whites for all people 18 years old and older. People 75 years old and older were significantly more likely to be storm victims (P < .0001).Conclusions: Hurricane Katrina was the deadliest hurricane to strike the US Gulf Coast since 1928. Drowning was the major cause of death and people 75 years old and older were the most affected population cohort. Future disaster preparedness efforts must focus on evacuating and caring for vulnerable populations, including those in hospitals, long-term care facilities, and personal residences. Improving mortality reporting timeliness will enable response teams to provide appropriate interventions to these populations and to prepare and implement preventive measures before the next disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008; 2: 215-223)