Division of labour during incubation in a woodpecker Colaptes auratus with reversed sex roles and facultative polyandry
Division of labour during incubation in a woodpecker Colaptes auratus with reversed sex roles and facultative polyandry
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啄木鸟 Coaptes auratus 孵化过程中性别角色颠倒和兼性一妻多夫的劳动分工
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Wiebe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Wiebe
雄性对孵化的贡献在极地鸟类中很少被研究，因为追求额外的交配机会被认为与孵化相冲突。啄木鸟在父母的照料中表现出相反的性别角色，雄性承担着幼鸟的大部分筑巢、孵化和孵化工作，而雌性可能是一夫多妻。我调查了71个一夫一妻制和4个一夫多妻制的北极金龟窝，预测雄性将根据它们的能量储备(身体状况)帮助孵化，而雌性将根据交替的繁殖机会做出贡献。巢的出勤率为99%，包括夜间孵化在内的雄性孵化平均占总孵化的66%。白天比赛的平均时长约为2小时，性别之间没有差异。与投资策略的预测一致，结构较大的雄性和身体状况较差的雄性孵化的时间比较小的雄性少，可能是因为它们需要更多的休息时间来觅食或保存能量。年长的雌性比年轻的雌性孵化得少，多夫多妻的雌性在次生巢的孵化比一夫一妻制的雌性少。孵化期、捕食率和孵化成功率不受轮次长度、轮次数和雌雄相对贡献的影响。在一夫一妻制和一夫多妻制的雌性鸟巢中，孵化成功率为86%，因为雄性补偿了雌性参与减少的影响。由于两性孵化是补偿性的，而不是相加性的，孵化方式不影响短期繁殖成功。我的结论是，雄性对孵化的投资是根据它们的能量需求，而雌性可能会根据替代的生殖策略来调整它们的贡献。
The contribution of males to incubation has rarely been studied in altricial birds because the pursuit of extra mating opportunities is believed to conflict with incubation. Woodpeckers show reversed sex roles in parental care with males doing most of the nest construction, incubating and brooding of the young while females may be polyandrous. I investigated incubation by each sex at 71 monogamous and four polyandrous nests of the Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus , predicting that males would contribute to incubation according to their energy reserves (body condition) whereas females would contribute based on alternate reproductive opportunities. Nest attendance was 99% with males contributing a mean of 66% of the total incubation including nocturnal incubation. The length of daytime bouts averaged about 2 h and did not differ between the sexes. Consistent with predictions of investment strategies, structurally larger males and those in poorer body condition incubated less than smaller males, perhaps because they required more recess time to forage or to conserve energy. Older females contributed less incubation than young females and polyandrous females contributed less incubation at their secondary nests than monogamous females. Incubation period, nest depredation rate and hatching success were not influenced by bout length, number of bouts or relative contribution of the sexes. Hatching success was 86% at nests of both monogamous and polyandrous females because males compensated for reduced female participation. Because incubation of the sexes is compensatory and not additive, incubation pattern did not influence short-term reproductive success. I conclude that males invest in incubation according to their energy needs, and females may adjust their contributions based on alternate reproductive tactics.
父母照顾的演变
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199692576.003.0016
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Kölliker M
通讯作者：
Kölliker M