DIURNAL PATTERNS OF ACTIVITY OF THE ORIENTING AND EXECUTIVE ATTENTION NEURONAL NETWORKS IN SUBJECTS PERFORMING A STROOP-LIKE TASK: A FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING STUDY
DIURNAL PATTERNS OF ACTIVITY OF THE ORIENTING AND EXECUTIVE ATTENTION NEURONAL NETWORKS IN SUBJECTS PERFORMING A STROOP-LIKE TASK: A FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING STUDY
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DOI：
10.3109/07420528.2010.489400
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Domagalik, Aleksandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marek, Tadeusz;Fafrowicz, Magdalena;Domagalik, Aleksandra
注意过程是人类操作者良好认知功能的基础。本研究的目的是从日变化的角度分析参与定向注意和执行控制过程的神经网络的活动。23名符合磁共振（MR）纳入标准的健康男性志愿者每天5次（06:00、10:00、14:00、18:00、22:00）在磁共振扫描仪上进行Stroop颜色-单词任务（块设计）。第一次扫描时间安排在醒来后1-1.5小时。在核磁共振期间，受试者在稳定的环境条件下进行模拟驾驶任务，控制身体活动和饮食。在与定向注意系统相关的大脑区域：顶叶（BA40）和额视野（FEFs）中发现了显著的激活。执行控制系统的区域也有激活：作为中央执行网络一部分的额岛皮质（FIC）、背前扣带皮质（dACC）、前辅助运动区（preSMA）、辅助运动区（SMA）、基底节区、颞叶中部（MT; BA21）和背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）。在被认为构成默认模式网络（DMN）的吻侧前扣带皮层（rACC）、后扣带皮层（PCC）、额上回（SF）、顶叶（BA39）和海马旁区观察到明显的失活。此外，激活的区域包括双侧舌回和梭状回。双侧脑岛失活。视觉注意受目标导向注意系统控制，由自上而下和自下而上机制组成，由stroop任务激活，具有昼夜变化的特点。研究结果表明，与定向注意系统（左顶叶- ba40，左、右fef）相关的大脑区域的神经活动发生了与时间相关的变化，同时为执行系统和默认模式网络的时间稳定性提供了依据。这些结果似乎还表明，非自愿的、外源性的（自下而上）注意机制比自愿的（自上而下）注意机制更容易受到昼夜节律和疲劳因素的影响，后者似乎在白天保持在相同的功能水平。以上现象都是在神经层面观察到的。（作者通信：marek@uj.edu.pl）
Attentional processes are fundamental to good cognitive functioning of human operators. The purpose of this study was to analyze the activity of neuronal networks involved in the orienting attention and executive control processes from the perspective of diurnal variability. Twenty-three healthy male volunteers meeting magnetic resonance (MR) inclusion criteria performed the Stroop Color-Word task (block design) in the MR scanner five times/day (06:00, 10:00, 14:00, 18:00, 22:00 h). The first scanning session was scheduled 1-1.5 h after waking. Between MR sessions, subjects performed simulated driving tasks in stable environmental conditions, with controlled physical activity and diet. Significant activation was found in brain regions related to the orienting attentional system:the parietal lobe (BA40) and frontal eye-fields (FEFs). There were also activations in areas of the executive control system:the fronto-insular cortex (FIC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), presupplementary motor area (preSMA), supplementary motor area (SMA), basal ganglia, middle temporal (MT; BA21), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), as a part of the central executive network. Significant deactivations were observed in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), superior frontal gyrus (SF), parietal lobe (BA39), and parahippocampal that are thought to comprise the default mode network (DMN). Additionally, the activated regions included bilaterally lingual gyrus and fusiform gyrus. The insula was bilaterally deactivated. Visual attention controlled by the goal-oriented attention system and comprising top-down and bottom-up mechanisms, activated by Stroop-like task, turned out to be prone to diurnal changes. The study results show the occurrence of time-of-day-related variations in neural activity of brain regions linked to the orienting attentional system (left parietal lobe-BA40, left and right FEFs), simultaneously providing arguments for temporal stability of the executive system and default mode network. These results also seem to suggest that the involuntary, exogenous (bottom-up) mechanism of attention is more vulnerable to circadian and fatigue factors than the voluntary (top-down) mechanism, which appear to be maintained at the same functional level during the day. The above phenomena were observed at the neural level. (Author correspondence: marek@uj.edu.pl)