Materials Challenges for Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems
Materials Challenges for Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems
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DOI：
10.1017/s0883769400100028
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发表时间：
2009-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Y. Guérin;G. Was;S. Zinkle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Guérin;G. Was;S. Zinkle
核能有望以具有商业竞争力的成本提供大量可靠的基准电力，同时对环境影响较小。然而，核能的未来超出了当前这一代轻水反应堆的范围。未来的反应堆预计将进一步提高安全性，保持高可靠性，更有效地利用铀资源，并产生更少数量的低毒固体废物。为了满足这些需求，一些先进的反应堆概念正在开发中。在大多数情况下，这些设计意味着更高的工作温度和更长的使用寿命、更具腐蚀性的环境以及材料必须可靠运行的更高辐射场。本期重点关注材料挑战，这些挑战将决定这些先进概念的可行性并定义核电的长期未来。
Nuclear energy holds the promise to provide vast amounts of reliable baseline electricity at commercially competitive costs with modest environmental impact. However, the future of nuclear energy lies beyond the current generation of light water reactors. Future reactors will be expected to provide additional improvements in safety, maintain high reliability, use uranium resources more efficiently, and produce lower volumes of less toxic solid wastes. Several advanced reactor concepts are under development to meet these demands. In most cases, these designs translate into higher operating temperatures and longer lifetimes, more corrosive environments, and higher radiation fields in which materials must reliably perform. This issue focuses on the materials challenges that will determine the feasibility of these advanced concepts and define the long-term future of nuclear power.