Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in pregnancy
Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in pregnancy
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DOI：
10.1016/s0301-2115(03)00168-4
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发表时间：
2003-09-22
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Liang, OD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zygmunt, M;Herr, F;Liang, OD
充足的营养和基质供应对胎儿的正常宫内发育至关重要。子宫血液供应紊乱与早产、先兆子痫或宫内生长受限引起的围产期发病率和死亡率增高有关。子宫血管的适应是通过血管扩张和新血管的发育来满足胎儿不断增长的需求。血管生成是在缺氧或组织对底物的需求下，由原有血管生成新血管的过程。子宫内膜、蜕膜和胎盘是血管生成生长因子的丰富来源。一般来说，血管生成过程是由生长因子如bFGF、VEGF或胎盘生长因子（PIGF）启动的。通过由各自的受体酪氨酸激酶介导的复杂信号转导机制，母体血管的通透性增加，从而允许内皮细胞的生长和侵袭。它们的趋化迁移、血管腔的形成和新毛细血管的功能成熟完成了血管生成过程，这一过程涉及特异性粘附受体和细胞外基质降解蛋白酶的表达。在血管形成过程中，内皮祖细胞-成血管细胞-形成一个原始的血管网络。这一过程主要发生在胎儿发育过程中，尽管在成人中也有报道称，在缺血损伤的反应中，骨髓和外周血中也有成血管细胞的募集。我们最近的数据表明，人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）具有新的功能，hCG是一种滋养细胞起源的激素因子，在子宫适应早期妊娠和肿瘤侵袭过程中发挥作用，并强调了hCG作为一种尚未被认识的血管生成因子的重要性。尽管在肿瘤侵袭和肿瘤诱导的血管形成以及滋养细胞侵袭和胎盘发育之间存在惊人的相似之处，但我们对这两个不同过程的不同分子和功能方面的理解，特别是，妊娠期间滋养细胞侵袭和血管形成的自我限制可能为肿瘤和妊娠相关病理的治疗提供新的治疗策略。2003爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
An adequate nutrient and substrate supply is essential for normal intrauterine development of the fetus. Disturbances in uterine blood supply are associated with higher perinatal morbidity and mortality caused by preterm delivery, pre-eclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction. Adaptation of the uterine vasculature to the rising needs of the fetus occurs through both vasodilation and development of new vessels. Angiogenesis is the process of neovascularization from pre-existing blood vessels in response to hypoxia or substrate demands of tissues. The endometrium, decidua and placenta are sources rich of angiogenic growth factors. In general, the angiogenic process is initiated by growth factors such as bFGF, VEGF, or placental growth factor (PIGF). Through a complex signal transduction machinery mediated by respective receptor-tyrosine kinases, an increase in the permeability of the maternal vessels is achieved to permit growth and invasion of endothelial cells. Their chemotactic migration, formation of a vessel lumen, and functional maturation of new capillaries complete the angiogenic process that involves the expression of specific adhesion receptors and extracellular matrix-degrading proteases. During vasculogenesis, endothelial progenitor cells-angioblasts-form a primitive vascular network. This process occurs mainly during fetal development, although recruitment of angioblasts from bone marrow and peripheral blood in response to ischemic insult have been described in adults. Our recent data indicate a novel function for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormonal factor of trophoblastic origin in uterine adaptation to early pregnancy as well as in tumor invasion and underline the importance of hCG as an yet unrecognized angiogenic factor. Although there are striking similarities between, on the one hand, tumor invasion and tumor-induced vascularization and, on the other hand, trophoblast invasion and placental development, our understanding of the different molecular and functional aspects of these two different processes, in particular, the self-limitation of the trophoblastic invasion and vessels formation during gestation might allow the establishment of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of both tumor and pregnancy related pathology. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.