Media Coverage and Public Opinion on Scientific Controversies
Media Coverage and Public Opinion on Scientific Controversies
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1460-2466.1981.tb01234.x
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发表时间：
1981-06
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
A. Mazur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Mazur
《美国大众媒体科学报道的本质》详细介绍了媒体报道对公众反对科学问题的影响的简要分析。有一小部分经常出现在电视上的科学家“明星”，还有一小部分有影响力的科学记者，大约有 50 名，他们在平面媒体上占据主导地位。科学界和记者界之间存在着局部的微弱沟通联系，可以友好地交换信息和利益。这种地方偏见的例子是《社会生物学一门利他主义的科学》一书出版时所收到的公共关系，该书被描述为一场人为的“科学事件”，通过这种狭窄的沟通渠道变成了一场全国性的争议。可以通过《期刊文献和电视新闻读者指南：索引和摘要》中索引的文章数量来证明媒体报道的波动。当针对氟化和核电站等问题进行问题宣传与民意调查时，可以看到公众的敌意随着宣传的每次增加而增加。媒体对科学问题的曝光似乎会鼓励公众的反对和怀疑，表明公众要么具有歧视性，要么可能会产生适得其反的焦虑。
The nature of science reporting for the U.S. mass media is detailed as an introduction to a brief analysis of the effect of media coverage on public opposition to science issues. There are a small number of scientist "stars" often seen on television and a similar small number of influential reporters of science about 50 who dominate the print media. There is a localized slender communication link between the science community and the journalist community with friendly exchange of information and favors. This local bias is exemplified by the public relations received on publication of the book "Sociobiology A Science of Altruism" described as a manufactured "science event" turned into a national controversy via this narrow communications channel. It is possible to demonstrate fluctuations in media coverage such as by numbers of articles indexed in the Readers Guide to Periodical Literature and Television News: Index and Abstracts. When publicity of issues is plotted vs. public opinion polls on issues such as fluoridation and nuclear power plants an increase in public hostility can be seen with each rise in publicity. Media exposure to scientific issues seems to encourage public opposition and suspicion suggesting that the public is either discriminatory or perhaps anxious in a counter-productive direction.