Statistical learning in the absence of explicit top-down attention
Statistical learning in the absence of explicit top-down attention
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2020.07.006
复制
发表时间：
2020-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Theeuwes, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duncan, Dock;Theeuwes, Jan
最近有研究表明，对展示中呈现的规律的统计学习可以使注意选择产生偏差，例如，通过抑制这些干扰物可能出现的位置，显著物体的注意捕获会减少。注意在学习这些偶然事件中的作用目前还不清楚。具体来说，尚不清楚是否需要将注意力引导到显示中出现的偶然事件中才能发生学习。在当前的研究中，我们调查了参与者是否能够学习环境中存在的统计规律，即使这些规律与参与者无关，也不是他们自上而下目标的一部分。我们使用了额外的单例模式，其中颜色单例在一个位置比在所有其他位置更经常地出现。我们发现，当参与者在没有目标和干扰物的不相关任务中接触到这些关于颜色单态位置的规律后，当他们切换到寻找目标和抑制干扰物的任务时，他们表现出了先前习得的随因的抑制效应。我们的结论是，视觉统计学习可以在没有自上而下的注意的情况下发生。(C) 2020作者。Elsevier Ltd.出版。
Recently it has been shown that statistical learning of regularities presented in a display can bias attentional selection, such that attentional capture by salient objects is reduced by suppressing the location where these distractors are likely to appear. The role of attention in learning these contingencies is not immediately clear. Specifically, it is not known whether attention needs to be directed to the contingencies present in the display for learning to occur. In the current study we investigated whether participants can learn statistical regularities present in the environment even when these regularities are not relevant for the participant and are not part of their top-down goals. We used the additional singleton paradigm in which a color singleton was presented much more often in one location than in all other locations. We show that after being exposed to these regularities regarding the location of the color singleton during an unrelated task in which there are no targets nor distractors, participants showed a suppression effect from the previously learned contingencies when switching to a task in which they search for a target and suppress a distractor. We conclude that visual statistical learning can occur in the absence of top-down attention. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.