Parasite populations in the brown rat Rattus norvegicus from Doha, Qatar between years:: the effect of host age, sex and density
Parasite populations in the brown rat Rattus norvegicus from Doha, Qatar between years:: the effect of host age, sex and density
复制标题
DOI：
10.1079/joh2005274
复制
发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Al-Kaabi, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abu-Madi, MA;Behnke, JM;Al-Kaabi, ML
2002年和2003年冬季(2月至4月)，在卡塔尔多哈市对179只城市老鼠进行了抽样。仅检出两种寄生虫，微小膜壳绦虫和印鼠客蚤的总患病率分别为35.8%和41.3%。研究年限和宿主年龄显著影响了细小毛滴虫的患病率，2003年和老年大鼠的患病率较高。研究年限、寄主年龄和性别对微小隐翅虫的感染丰度有影响。与雌性相比，成年大鼠的蠕虫负担几乎是雌性的两倍，成年大鼠的感染比青少年更严重。Astia的流行受年份和宿主年龄的影响，2002年幼年鼠和2003年成年鼠的患病率较高。Astia的丰度在2003年显著较高，雌雄鼠均表现出相似的丰度，但在2003年雌性鼠的感染更为严重。这一现象的原因与雄鼠和雌鼠的觅食策略不同有关。2003年，由于鼠密度的显著增加，细小线虫和阿斯提亚线虫的流行率和丰度分布总体上都较高，尽管这并没有反映出寄生虫物种丰富度的任何增加。感染微小疟原虫的大鼠感染X.Astia的可能性几乎是未感染该寄生虫的大鼠的两倍，但在控制了年份、寄主年龄和性别的影响后，两种寄生虫之间没有检测到数量上的相互作用。
A total of 179 urban rats were sampled in the city of Doha in Qatar across the winter seasons (February - April) of 2002 and 2003. Only two parasites were identified, with overall prevalences of 35.8% and 41.3% for the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta and the flea Xenopsylla astia respectively. The prevalence of H. diminuta was markedly influenced by both year of study and host age, being higher in 2003 and amongst older rats. The abundance of infection of H. diminuta was influenced by the year of study, host age and sex. Worm burdens in adult rats were almost twice as heavy in males compared with females and adults of both sexes harboured heavier infections than juveniles. The prevalence of X. astia was influenced by both year and host age, being higher in juvenile rats in 2002 and in adults in 2003. The abundance of X. astia was significantly higher in 2003 and both male and female rats showed similar abundances, but in 2003 females were more heavily infested. Reasons for this are discussed in relation to the differing foraging strategies shown by male and female rats. The prevalence and abundance profiles for both H. diminuta and X. astia were higher overall in 2003 due to a significant increase in the rat population density, although this did not reflect in any increase in parasite species richness. Rats that were infected with H. diminuta were almost twice as likely to be infected with X. astia than those without the cestode, but when controlled for the effects of year, host age and sex, no quantitative interactions were detected between the two parasite species.