Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
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DOI：
10.1128/cmr.11.1.142
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发表时间：
1998-01
影响因子：
36.8
通讯作者：
J. Nataro;J. Kaper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Nataro;J. Kaper
摘要大肠埃希氏菌是人体肠道主要的非致病性兼性菌群。然而，一些大肠杆菌菌株已经发展出即使在最强壮的人类宿主中也能引起胃肠道、泌尿系或中枢神经系统疾病的能力。引起腹泻的大肠杆菌至少可分为六个不同的类别，并有相应的不同致病方案。综上所述，这些微生物可能是全球儿科腹泻最常见的原因。感染致泻性大肠杆菌有几种不同的临床症状，包括旅行者腹泻(产肠毒素大肠杆菌)、出血性结肠炎和溶血性尿毒症综合征(肠出血性大肠杆菌)、持续性腹泻(肠聚集性大肠杆菌)和婴儿水样腹泻(肠道致病性大肠杆菌)。该综述讨论了目前对致泻性大肠杆菌致病机制的认识水平，并描述了它们的致病机制如何作为这些重要病原体的临床表现、诊断方法和流行病学调查的基础。
SUMMARY Escherichia coli is the predominant nonpathogenic facultative flora of the human intestine. Some E. coli strains, however, have developed the ability to cause disease of the gastrointestinal, urinary, or central nervous system in even the most robust human hosts. Diarrheagenic strains of E. coli can be divided into at least six different categories with corresponding distinct pathogenic schemes. Taken together, these organisms probably represent the most common cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide. Several distinct clinical syndromes accompany infection with diarrheagenic E. coli categories, including traveler’s diarrhea (enterotoxigenic E. coli), hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (enterohemorrhagic E. coli), persistent diarrhea (enteroaggregative E. coli), and watery diarrhea of infants (enteropathogenic E. coli). This review discusses the current level of understanding of the pathogenesis of the diarrheagenic E. coli strains and describes how their pathogenic schemes underlie the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and epidemiologic investigation of these important pathogens.