Parasympathetic and sympathetic activity are associated with individual differences in neural indices of selective attention in adults
Parasympathetic and sympathetic activity are associated with individual differences in neural indices of selective attention in adults
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DOI：
10.1111/psyp.13079
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pakulak, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giuliano, Ryan J.;Karns, Christina M.;Pakulak, Eric
多种理论框架表明，自主神经系统和高阶神经网络之间的相互作用对认知和情绪调节至关重要。然而，很少有研究直接研究认知任务中自主神经生理学指标与大脑活动之间的关系，更少的研究在这样做时同时研究副交感神经和交感神经自主神经分支。在这里，93名成年人完成了ERP听觉选择性注意任务，同时测量副交感神经活动（高频心率变异性; HF-HRV）和交感神经活动（射血前期; PEP）。我们专注于研究的N1 ERP组件测试与基线值的HF-HRV和PEP的关联。静息HF-HRV越高、PEP越短的个体，选择性注意对其ERP的影响越大。随访回归模型表明，HF-HRV和PEP解释了选择性注意对N1平均振幅影响的唯一方差。这些结果与神经内脏整合模型一致，例如更大的副交感神经活动是增加选择性注意力的标志，以及其他强调交感神经活动在更有效的注意力相关处理中的作用的理论模型。目前的研究结果强调了自主神经生理学在神经认知功能个体差异研究中的重要性，并考虑到选择性注意在认知领域的基础作用，表明副交感神经和交感神经活动可能是理解各种认知任务中大脑功能变化的关键。
Multiple theoretical frameworks posit that interactions between the autonomic nervous system and higher-order neural networks are crucial for cognitive and emotion regulation. However, few studies have directly examined the relationship between measures of autonomic physiology and brain activity during cognitive tasks, and fewer studies have examined both the parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic branches when doing so. Here, 93 adults completed an ERP auditory selective attention task concurrently with measures of parasympathetic activity (high-frequency heart rate variability; HF-HRV) and sympathetic activity (preejection period; PEP). We focus on the well-studied N1 ERP component to test for associations with baseline values of HF-HRV and PEP. Individuals with higher resting HF-HRV and shorter resting PEP showed larger effects of selective attention on their ERPs. Follow-up regression models demonstrated that HF-HRV and PEP accounted for unique variance in selective attention effects on N1 mean amplitude. These results are consistent with the neurovisceral integration model, such that greater parasympathetic activity is a marker of increased selective attention, as well as other theoretical models that emphasize the role of heightened sympathetic activity in more efficient attention-related processing. The present findings highlight the importance of autonomic physiology in the study of individual differences in neurocognitive function and, given the foundational role of selective attention across cognitive domains, suggest that both parasympathetic and sympathetic activity may be key to understanding variability in brain function across a variety of cognitive tasks.