Microclimate under agrivoltaic systems: Is crop growth rate affected in the partial shade of solar panels?
Microclimate under agrivoltaic systems: Is crop growth rate affected in the partial shade of solar panels?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.04.012
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发表时间：
2013-08-15
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Wery, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marrou, H.;Guilioni, L.;Wery, J.
农光互补系统是一种混合系统，它在同一时间、同一土地面积上把粮食作物和太阳能光伏板（PVPs）结合在一起。本研究的目的是评估作物的生长速度是否在光伏板的特定阴影下受到影响。由于光伏遮蔽下入射辐射的减少，空气、地面和作物温度的变化是可以被怀疑的。在三个天气季节（冬季、春季和夏季），以每小时为时间间隔，在全日照处理以及两个具有不同光伏板密度的农光互补系统中，记录土壤温度（5厘米和25厘米深度）、空气温度和湿度、风速以及入射辐射。此外，对短周期作物（生菜和黄瓜）和一种长周期作物（硬质小麦）的作物温度进行监测。还定期评估蔬菜作物的叶片数量。无论气候季节如何，全日照处理和遮荫情况下的平均日空气温度和湿度相似。相反，与全日照处理相比，光伏板下的平均日土壤温度显著降低。白天（24小时）作物温度的小时变化模式在阴影下受到影响。在本实验中，早晨光伏板下作物温度与入射辐射的比率较高。这可能是由于与全日照处理相比，阴影下植物的显热损失减少（清晨没有露水沉积或蒸腾作用降低）。然而，发现阴影下的平均日作物温度没有显著变化，并且所有处理的生长速度相似。仅在生菜和黄瓜的幼苗期（种植后三周）测量到叶片萌发率的显著差异，这可能是由土壤温度的变化导致的。总之，这项研究表明，从露天种植转向农光互补种植系统所需的种植实践调整很少，并且应主要关注减轻光照减少以及在这些波动阴影条件下选择具有最大辐射利用效率的植物。（C）2013爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Agrivoltaic systems are mixed systems that associate, on the same land area at the same time, food crops and solar photovoltaic panels (PVPs). The aim of the present study is to assess whether the growth rate of crops is affected in the specific shade of PVPs. Changes in air, ground and crop temperature can be suspected due to the reduction of incident radiation below the photovoltaic shelter. Soil temperature (5 cm and 25 cm depth), air temperature and humidity, wind speed as well as incident radiations were recorded at hourly time steps in the full sun treatment and in two agrivoltaic systems with different densities of PVPs during three weather seasons (winter, spring and summer). In addition, crop temperatures were monitored on short cycle crops (lettuce and cucumber) and a long cycle crop (durum wheat). The number of leaves was also assessed periodically on the vegetable crops.Mean daily air temperature and humidity were similar in the full sun treatments and in the shaded situations, whatever the climatic season. On the contrary, mean daily soil temperature significantly decreased below the PVPs compared to the full sun treatment. The hourly pattern of crop temperature during daytime (24 h) was affected in the shade. In this experiment, the ratio between crop temperature and incident radiation was higher below the PVPs in the morning. This could be due to a reduction of sensible heat losses by the plants (absence of dew deposit in the early morning or reduced transpiration) in the shade compared to the full sun treatment. However, mean daily crop temperature was found not to change significantly in the shade and the growth rate was similar in all the treatments. Significant differences in the leaf emission rate were measured only during the juvenile phase (three weeks after planting) in lettuces and cucumbers and could result from changes in soil temperature. As a conclusion, this study suggests that little adaptations in cropping practices should be required to switch from an open cropping to an agrivoltaic cropping system and attention should mostly be focused on mitigating light reduction and on selection of plants with a maximal radiation use efficiency in these conditions of fluctuating shade. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.