The influence of a swab type on the results of point-of-care tests
The influence of a swab type on the results of point-of-care tests
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DOI：
10.1186/s13568-020-00978-9
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发表时间：
2020-03-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Malinowska, Elzbieta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zasada, Aleksandra Anna;Zacharczuk, Katarzyna;Malinowska, Elzbieta
大多数护理点测试(POCT)使用棉签进行采样和/或将样本应用于测试。在商业上可以买到各种不同的棉签，它们的尖端材料不同。不同的针尖材料具有不同的化学和物理特性，这些特性可能会影响标本的采集和释放。我们调查了临床诊断中使用的各种拭子的性质，重点是两种分析物，DNA和蛋白质，这两种分析物是POCT中最常用的目标。我们以白喉类毒素NIBSC69/017为模型样本，研究了蛋白质分析物如大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、产生白喉毒素的白喉棒状杆菌NCTC 10648和临床分离株非产毒白喉杆菌5820/15的核酸回收情况。我们对临床诊断中最常用的四种棉签进行了研究，考察了它们对核酸和蛋白质的吸收能力和释放效率。容量摄取以毫克为单位。对于DNA的释放，使用不同的洗脱缓冲液，并用分光光度法测量DNA的释放量。用Lowry法检测拭子中蛋白质的释放量。我们观察到四种拭子在吸收液平均重量、DNA回收率和蛋白质回收率方面存在统计学差异(p<；0.05)。然而，DNA和蛋白质的释放效率与样本的吸收体积无关，而与棉签的性质有关。棉签的成分和结构会对样本的收集和释放效率产生重大影响。因此，与用于采样的棉签相关的POCT验证是非常重要的。使用不适当的拭子可能导致假阴性或误导性的分析结果。
Most point-of-care tests (POCT) use swabs for sampling and/or for applying a sample on the test. A variety of swabs differing in tip materials is commercially available. Different tip materials have different chemical and physical characteristics which might influence the specimen collection and release. We investigated properties of various types of swabs used in clinical diagnostics with focusing on two kinds of analytes, DNA and proteins, which are most often used targets in POCT. As the model samples we used diphtheria toxoid NIBSC 69/017 for investigating recovery of protein analytes such as antigens and bacterial strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, diphtheria toxin-producing Corynebacterium diphtheriae NCTC 10648, and the clinical isolate nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae 5820/15 for investigating the recovery of nucleic acids. We investigated four types of swabs most commonly used in clinical diagnostics in terms of absorption capacity and efficiency of release of nucleic acids and proteins. Volume uptake was measured in milligrams. For DNA release various washing out buffers were used and the amount of released DNA was measured spectrophotometrically. The amount of protein released from the swabs were examined using the Lowry assay. We observed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the mean weights of absorbed liquid, in the DNA recovery and protein recovery by the four variety of swab examined. However, the efficiency of DNA and protein release was not correlated to the absorbed volume of a sample, but rather to the properties of swabs. The swab composition and structure can have a significant impact on the collection and release efficiency of a sample. Therefore, validation of POCT in relation to the used swabs for sampling is really important. The use of inappropriate swabs could lead to false negative or misleading analysis results.